Influence of case type, word frequency, and exposure duration on visual word recognition.

Allen, Philip A.; Wallace, Benjamin; Weber, Timothy A.

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.21.4.914

Cited by 64 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Namely, the data can be explained by the two-stage model proposed by Allen, Wallace and Weber (1995) and Yap and Balota (2007). The first stage involves stimulus normalization, when familiarity-based information is assessed (e.g., the orthographic similarity of a letter string to a word), and the second stage involves stimulus categorization/lexical access.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological evidence of different loci for case-mixing and word frequency effects in visual word recognition

2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Besner & McCann, 1987). To determine the locus of the word frequency and case-mixing effects, we manipulated word frequency (high vs. low) and case type (consistent lower case vs. mixing case) in a lexical-decision paradigm. We measured two event-related-potential components: the N170 (an early peak occurring 140-240 ms after stimulus onset, related to structural encoding) and the P3 (a late peak occurring 400-600 ms after stimulus onset, related to stimulus categorization). The critical finding was that the N170 amplitude was sensitive to case mixing, but the P3 amplitude was sensitive to word frequency and lexicality. These results suggest that case mixing affects an earlier processing stage than does word frequency, at least with respect to lexical-decision processes.Keywords Visual word recognition . Event-related potentials . Case mixing . Word frequencyThe question of how we process words during reading has generated an extensive literature, probably because reading is such a frequent activity. One fruitful approach to studying reading and word recognition is to examine how characteristics of the word affect recognition using a lexical-decision task (LDT; i.e., determining whether a letter string forms a word or a nonword). Two of the commonly used manipulations of words are case mixing (e.g., mixed case [TeNnIs] vs. consistent lower case [tennis]) and word frequency (the frequency with which a word occurs in the language). Studies with a case-mixing manipulation have consistently revealed shorter response times (RTs) for consistent lowercase than for mixed-case words (the case-mixing effect). Studies with a word frequency manipulation have revealed shorter RTs for high-than for low-frequency words (the word frequency effect).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological evidence of different loci for case-mixing and word frequency effects in visual word recognition

2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Words tend to have more familiar orthographic, phonologic and semantic patterns than nonwords. When nonwords are orthographically illegal, containing uncommon bigrams (e.g., CPTOA), and/or word stimuli are high frequency (e.g., TABLE), discriminations can be made on the basis of orthographic information alone (James, 1975;Allen et al, 1995). By contrast, when orthographically legal nonwords (e.g., PLASS) are included, or word stimuli are low frequency (e.g., KITE), orthographic analysis alone cannot discriminate reliably words from nonwords.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed of lexical decision correlates with diffusion anisotropy in left parietal and frontal white matter: Evidence from diffusion tensor imaging

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Speed of visual word recognition is an important variable affecting linguistic competence. Although speed of visual word recognition varies widely between individuals, the neural basis of reaction time (RT) differences is poorly understood. Recently, a magnetic resonance technique called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been shown to provide information about white matter (WM) microstructure in vivo. Here, we used DTI to explore whether visual word recognition RT correlates with regional fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the WM of healthy young adults. Participants completed a speeded lexical decision task that involved visual input, linguistic processes, and a motor response output. Results indicated that lexical decision RT was correlated negatively with FA in WM of inferior parietal and frontal language regions rather than in WM of visual or motor regions. Voxels within the inferior parietal and frontal correlation clusters were composed primarily of DTI-based tracts oriented in the anterior-posterior orientation at or near the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and likely including other smaller association fibers. These results provide new microstructural evidence demonstrating that speed of lexical decision is associated with the degree to which portions of frontal and parietal WM are directionally oriented.

show abstract

“…Following the original IA framework, more recent models of word recognition based on cascaded processing have incorporated the word-letter interactivity assumption (e.g., Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller, 1993;Grainger & Jacobs, 1996). However, the above account of the word superiority effect and other related findings has been questioned on both empirical and simulation grounds (Allen, Wallace, & Weber, 1995;Jacobs & Grainger, 1992;Mewhort & Johns, 1988;Paap, Newsome, McDonald, & Schvaneveldt, 1982). Hence, it remains unclear whether reading really involves interactive processes allowing activation at a higher processing level to reverberate and influence activation at a lower processing level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Is Perception a Two-Way Street? The Case of Feedback Consistency in Visual Word Recognition

Peereman

Bonin

1998

Journal of Memory and Language

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is generally assumed that during reading, the activation produced over orthographic units feeds forward to phonological units. Supporting interactive models of word recognition, Stone, Vanhoy, and Van Orden (1997) recently claimed that phonological activation reverberates to orthographic processing units and consequently constrains orthographic encoding. They found that the consistency of the relations between phonology and orthography (feedback consistency) influenced lexical decision performance. We explored the effect in five experiments conducted with French words. Although feedback consistency affected writing performance, no significant effect was observed in lexical decision even when inconsistency was defined so as to maximize the effect. We also show that previous reports of consistency effects in French (Ziegler, Montant, & Jacobs, 1997a) may be due to a confound between consistency and word frequency, as assessed by subjective frequency estimates. We conclude that there is at present little evidence that sound-to-print consistency influences orthographic encoding in visual word recognition.

show abstract

Influence of case type, word frequency, and exposure duration on visual word recognition.

Cited by 64 publications

References 45 publications

Electrophysiological evidence of different loci for case-mixing and word frequency effects in visual word recognition

Electrophysiological evidence of different loci for case-mixing and word frequency effects in visual word recognition

Speed of lexical decision correlates with diffusion anisotropy in left parietal and frontal white matter: Evidence from diffusion tensor imaging

Is Perception a Two-Way Street? The Case of Feedback Consistency in Visual Word Recognition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About