Influence of Bark Content on Ash Melting Temperature

Radačovská, Lucia; Holubčík, Michal; Nosek, Radovan; Jandačka, Jozef

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.131

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The debarking process brings changes to all biomass. It reduces ash content [14] and calorific value, with the only exception of oak, due to the different energy contributions that different anatomical parts of the wood provide (bark, sapwood, and heartwood) [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variability can negatively affect combustion efficiency and cause pollution, decreasing sustainability. There are several strategies for the standardization of biomass for energy use depending on the final objective: for example, the removal of the bark or the green structures of the woody plants contributes to the reduction of the ash content [14]; the thermal treatment increases the energy density [15,16]; the densification increases bulk density and facilitates logistics, transportation, and use of the biofuel [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pellet Production from Residual Biomass of Greenery Maintenance in a Small-Scale Company to Improve Sustainability

et al. 2021

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Replacing fossil energy sources with renewable energy sources is a key strategic action to limit environmental issues. To achieve this goal, substitution with biomass is beneficial due to its versatility in various fields. In terms of circular economy and sustainability, the possibility of energy exploitation of residual biomass is particularly desirable in small-medium enterprises. The use of supply chain by-products can improve sustainability and create opportunities for companies. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of residual biomass of conifers and broad-leaved trees to produce quality pellets using an agri-pellet machine activated by the power take-off of a tractor. This system can be employed at the farm level. Wood biomass of four species was tested; poplar, stone pine, black locust, and oak. Wood chips samples were analyzed to determine their qualitative characteristics following the technical standard ISO 17225-4. Based on the results, different wood blends were created to produce pellets, subsequently characterized according to ISO 17225-2. The analyses carried out on wood chips and pellets were bulk density, moisture, ash content, calorific value, elemental composition, chlorine, sulfur, and heavy metals. In addition, particles size was measured only for wood chips, while the length, diameter, mechanical durability, and ash melting behaviors were determined only for pellets. Some of the analyzed mixtures show acceptable values according to the current ISO technical standards. The values related to the apparent pellet bulk density and the durability test highlight that not all the mixtures are suitable to produce quality pellets. Results also represent a good starting point for future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pellet Production from Residual Biomass of Greenery Maintenance in a Small-Scale Company to Improve Sustainability

et al. 2021

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“…The amount of ash from combusted wood bark is about 1.0-1.5% while that of wood is approximately less than one [16]. On the basis of higher ash content and its associated emission of dangerous particulate matter that are injurious to human health and increase cost of maintenance of burner, Radačovská, et al [17], suggested the need to deal with content of wood bark during combustion process. One way through which this can be achieved is by formulating appropriate biomass material composition from combinations of bark and wood fractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fuel Material Compositions on Combustion Properties of Wood Chips from Smallhold Farm Plots in a Sudano-Sahelian Environment of Nigeria

Sotannde

Dadile

Umar

et al. 2020

CJAST

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Aims:The study explored the combustion properties of woods and barks of some selected trees and the mixtures of the two in order to map out how fuel material composition affect the combustion properties of biomass materials. Study Design: The study is a two-factor factorial experiment in a completely randomized design. The main factors are the tree species and fuel material types. Place and Duration of Study: Tree samples used for this study were coppiced stems harvested from smallhold farm plots along the Damaturu -Gujba fuelwood corridors in Yobe State. The analytical study was carried out in Wood and Fibre CJAST, 39(2): 93-104, 2020; Article no.CJAST.54680 94 Methodology: Ten tree species were used for this study. Each species was replicated 3-times, making a total of 30 stems with their dbh between 10 and 15 cm. A sample billet of 20 cm log was cut from each stem at 10 cm below and above dbh. Each billet was debarked, chipped separately and dried to approximately 12% moisture content. From the chips, 100% wood, 95%W-5%B, 90%W-10%B and 100% bark fuel material samples were created, grinded with mechanical grinder and sieved to approximately 0.4 mm particle size based on ASTM D2013-86. The sieved samples obtained were then analyzed for their percentage moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash and gross calorific values using ASTM standard methods. The data obtained were subjected to Analysis of variance from which % variance component and LSD were computed α = 0.05 and 0.01 level of significance. Results: All the measured parameters varied significantly among the tree species and the compositions of the fuel materials obtained from them. Majority of the variation in the fuelwood properties were attributed to the composition of the fuel materials obtained from the trees rather than the species they were made of. On the average, moisture content of the samples ranged from 27.66 to 40.44%, volatile matter (61.38 to 75.11%), ash (0.52 to 2.42%), fixed carbon (24.19 to 36.20%) and gross calorific value (32.99 to 33.02 MJ.kg -1 ). The moisture and ash contents of the fuel materials obtained from all the tree species increased with the level of bark inclusion whereas, volatile matter content and gross calorific values decreased significantly with level of bark inclusion (P < 0.05). Also, gross calorific value of the fuel materials correlates positively with volatile matter and fixed carbon contents. But, correlate negatively with moisture and ash contents. Among the studied tree species, chips obtained from A. leiocarpus had the highest energy value, followed by C. arereh and B. aegyptiaca while P. reticulatum, A. sieberiana and C. lamprocarpum had the least energy value in that order. Conclusion: Based on their energy value and ash content, minimizing the bark content in wood chips is important from energy and environment point of view. Therefore, chips with 100% wood and those with 5% bark inclusions are recommended for heat generation. Original Research Article

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“…Inorganic matter influences the combustion efficiency in the furnace and could cause ash‐forming elements with resulting technological and environmental problems during biomass processing . Slagging in furnaces, bed agglomeration, fly ash emission, and more particulate matter during combustion are only some of the concerns related to Ac of the biomass. Moreover, according to the technical standard EN ISO 17225‐4, woodchip can be divided in several quality classes on the basis of limits set for different chemical‐physical parameters and quality attributes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the scattering effects on NIR data for the prediction of ash content using EMSC correction factors

Mancini

Toscano

Rinnan

2019

Journal of Chemometrics

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Scattering effect is a really common physical phenomenon during near‐infrared analysis. It is an undesired variation in the spectral data due to a deviation of light from a straight trajectory into different paths. The nonlinearities introduced can be handled by using spectral preprocessing techniques. The situation is completely different when the parameter of interest is physical by nature, such as ash content, in this case removing the physical artifacts of scattering would be negative for the final model. In this study, we have decided to investigate the ash content parameter trying to figure out if the information useful for its prediction is related to the scattering effects, the chemical features, or a mixture of them. To this aim, two near‐infrared spectral datasets were taken into consideration: woodchip for energy sector and pellet samples for feed sector. A new regression model (CORR‐PLS) was developed by including principal components analysis scores and extended multiplicative scatter correction (EMSC) factors as physical parameters into the partial least squares (PLS) regression model. The prediction performance of the regular PLS models (PLS on the raw data and MSC pre‐treated data) were compared with that of the CORR‐PLS model both with regard to prediction uncertainty and model complexity in order to evaluate which is the relevant information for prediction of the ash content.

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Influence of Bark Content on Ash Melting Temperature

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Pellet Production from Residual Biomass of Greenery Maintenance in a Small-Scale Company to Improve Sustainability

Pellet Production from Residual Biomass of Greenery Maintenance in a Small-Scale Company to Improve Sustainability

Effect of Fuel Material Compositions on Combustion Properties of Wood Chips from Smallhold Farm Plots in a Sudano-Sahelian Environment of Nigeria

Study of the scattering effects on NIR data for the prediction of ash content using EMSC correction factors

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