Influence of Age on Vascular Adrenergic Responsiveness

Duckles, Sue Piper

doi:10.1159/000158681

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It appears, then, that the ß-receptor may play a critical role in modulat ing the significant changes in NE responsive ness during the short maturational time frame between 3 and 7 weeks of age in the rat. These responses to NE are supported by the results obtained from the relaxation experiments with ISO, in that significant reductions in ß-receptor-mediated relaxation of aorta oc curred from 3 to 11 weeks of age, as has been shown by others [2,6,8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Ontogeny of Vascular Smooth Muscle Responsiveness in the Postweaning Rat

Soltis

Newman²

1992

Dev Pharmacol Ther

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This study investigated the ontogeny of contractile and relaxation responses in aortic and tail artery preparations from 3-, 7-, and 11-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Contractile responses to norepinephrine, serotonin, KCl, electrical stimulation, and potassium-free physiological solution were significantly increased in vascular smooth muscle from 3-week-old rats when compared to 7- and 11-week-old rats. Endotheliumdependent acetylcholine-induced relaxation and β-adrenoceptor mediated isoproterenol-induced relaxation were significantly attenuated with maturation. These data demonstrate that significant changes occur in aortic and tail artery smooth muscle responsiveness during the postweaning maturational period of the rat. The alterations may have significant implications with regard to cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function as well as the age of the animal when utilized as an experimental model for identifying pathogenic mechanisms involved in various disease states such as hypertension. As such, further studies are warranted to determine if similar ontogenie changes in vascular function occur at the level of the resistance vessel.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Ontogeny of Vascular Smooth Muscle Responsiveness in the Postweaning Rat

Soltis

Newman²

1992

Dev Pharmacol Ther

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“…Moreover, maximal vasodilator responses to ACh did not differ between 6 and 10 month-old control rats, while ECm values were significantly reduced in the 10 month-old rats. These findings are consistent with previous reports indicating that adrenergic responsiveness of vascular smooth muscle is well maintained in aging (Duckles, 1987;Docherty, 1990), while in rat aorta the potency of ACh in producing endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is increased by aging (reduced EC50 value) without change in the maximum relaxation (Hynes & Duckles, 1987;Docherty, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of vitamin E deficiency on vasomotor activity and ultrastructural organisation of rat thoracic aorta

Rubino

Loesch

Goss-Sampson

et al. 1995

British J Pharmacology

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1 The effects of vitamin E deficiency were evaluated in aortic rings isolated from rats maintained on a diet deficient in vitamin E. 2 Endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and calcium ionophore, A23187, were reduced in preparations from treated animals, compared to the age-matched controls. The maximal vasodilatation to ACh was 66.4 ± 9 (n = 4) and 38.8 ± 7 (n = 4) % in control and 10 monthtreated preparations, respectively. 3 The endothelium-independent vasodilator responses to sodium nitroprusside as well as the concentration-dependent contractile responses to noradrenaline, did not differ between treated and control preparations. 4 Electron microscopic examination of vascular segments and revealed that, following vitamin E deficiency, normal tissue organisation was disrupted, the endothelial monolayer either not being in contact with the underlying tissue or being absent in most of the areas analysed. 5 It is concluded that during vitamin E deficiency both morphological disruption and functional impairment of endothelium occur without observable modification of muscle cell function and morphology.

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“…In the gastrointestinal tract, there is extensive loss of enteric neurons and extrinsic sympathetic innervation in old age, and an increasing proportion of those remaining contain NOS (74). Age-related up-or downregulation of neurotransmitter receptor expression adds to overall changes in autonomic function (75).…”

Section: Long-term (Trophic) Signaling and Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Neurotransmission: 60 Years Since Sir Henry Dale

Burnstock

2009

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.

109

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In the early twentieth century, Sir Henry Dale and others described brilliant studies of autonomic neurotransmission utilizing acetylcholine and noradrenaline. However, within the past 60 years, new discoveries have changed our understanding of the organization of the autonomic nervous system, including the structure and function of the nonsynaptic autonomic neuroeffector junction, the multiplicity of neurotransmitters, cotransmission, neuromodulation, dual control of vascular tone by perivascular nerves and endothelial cells, the molecular biology of receptors, and trophic signaling. Further, it is now recognized that an outstanding feature of autonomic neurotransmission is the inherent plasticity afforded by its structural and neurochemical organization and the interaction between expression of neural mediators and environmental factors. In this way, autonomic neurotransmission is matched to ongoing changes in demands and can sometimes be compensatory in pathophysiological situations.

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Influence of Age on Vascular Adrenergic Responsiveness

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Ontogeny of Vascular Smooth Muscle Responsiveness in the Postweaning Rat

Ontogeny of Vascular Smooth Muscle Responsiveness in the Postweaning Rat

Effects of vitamin E deficiency on vasomotor activity and ultrastructural organisation of rat thoracic aorta

Autonomic Neurotransmission: 60 Years Since Sir Henry Dale

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