Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and patterns of recurrence

Abstract

BACKGROUND. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive manifestation of primary breast cancer. The authors compared the prognostic features of IBC and non‐IBC locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) to gain insight into the biology of this disease entity. METHODS. This retrospective analysis consisted of 1071 patients, comprising 240 patients with IBC and 831 patients with non‐IBC LABC who were enrolled in 10 consecutive clinical trials (5 from each disease group). All patients received similar multidisciplinary treatment. The authors measured time to disease recurrence for each individual site from the start of treatment to the date of disease recurrence or last follow‐up (recurrence‐free survival) and overall survival rates to the date of last follow‐up or death. RESULTS. The median follow‐up period was 69 months (range, 1–367 months). Pathologically complete response rates were 13.9% and 11.7% in the IBC and non‐IBC LABC groups, respectively (P = .42). The 5‐year estimates of cumulative incidence of recurrence were 64.8 % and 43.4% (P < .0001), respectively, for IBC and non‐IBC LABC. IBC had significantly higher cumulative incidence of locoregional recurrence and distant soft‐tissue and bone disease. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate was 40.5% for the IBC group (95% CI, 34.5%–47.4%) and 63.2% for the non‐IBC LABC group (95% CI, 60.0%–66.6%; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS. IBC was associated with a worse prognosis and a distinctive pattern of early recurrence compared with LABC. These data suggested that investigating factors affecting “homing” of cancer cells may provide novel treatment strategies for IBC. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.

Differences in survival among women with stage III inflammatory and noninflammatory locally advanced breast cancer appear early

“…6,7 Studies comparing IBC with non-IBC locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) have demonstrated inferior prognostic outcomes associated with IBC compared with non-IBC LABC. [8][9][10][11] However, these studies are limited by the finding that a large percentage of patients were diagnosed in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, when taxanes were not a standard part of treatment. Recent data have indicated that a polychemotherapy regimen comprised of both anthracyclines and taxanes may further improve survival outcomes of women with IBC.…”

Photothermal ablation of inflammatory breast cancer tumor emboli using plasmonic gold nanostars

“…The solution was cooled to room temperature, filtered with a 0.22 μm nitrocellulose membrane, and stored at 4°C. GNS were prepared by simultaneously mixing 1 mL of 3 mM AgNO 3 and 500 μL of 0.1 M ascorbic acid to 100 mL of 0.25 mM HAuCl 4 containing HCl (100 μL, 1N) and citrate gold seeds (1 mL, OD 520 : 2.8) under vigorous stirring. For particle stabilization, 5 μM of SHPEG 5000 (O-[2-(3mercaptopropionylamino) ethyl]-O′-methylpolyethlene-glycol, molecular weight 5,000) was added to freshly synthesized GNS and allowed to mix for 30 minutes, followed by two centrifugal washes (3,500 rcf).…”

“…[1][2][3] Patients diagnosed with IBC often present at an advanced stage with lymph node involvement, of whom 30% already have distant metastases. [4][5][6] The high morbidity rate and aggressive nature of IBC compared to other breast cancer subtypes is thought to be attributed to the presence of tumor emboli in the dermal lymphatics. Invasion of lymphatic vessels by these tumor cell clusters results in a rapid metastatic progression of this disease.…”

Tipifarnib and farnesyltransferase inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory breast cancer: is the story over? A review

“…IBC is more likely to be hormone receptornegative and HER-2/neu tumor marker-positive than noninflammatory LABC. [24][25][26] Despite improved outcomes due to multimodality therapy for BC in general, survival of women with IBC (5-year survival 41%, median survival 2.9 years) is worse than for LABC (63%, 6.4 years, respectively).…”