Infeksi COVID-19 pada kehamilan dengan insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

Abstract

Research on pregnancies with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) infected with COVID-19 is very limited. In pregnant conditions, there is a shift from Th1 to Th2 and physiological changes that make it very susceptible to being infected by COVID-19 in pregnancy, in addition to complaints that are similar between changes due to pregnancy and symptoms of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to Explain the effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women with IDDM. This study was conducted using a descriptive method of clinical and laboratory examination results of one pregnant patient aged 26 years with IDDM and infected with COVID-19 at the Trosobo Health Center. The variables in this study were the results of clinical and laboratory examinations of patients during treatment. All data were then analyzed descriptively according to the latest journal literature. Result of this study showed that Pregnant women with IDDM and infected with COVID-19 might have disorders of the lung organs in the form of pneumonia on X-rays, disturbances in laboratory test and minor clinical disorders. In addition, it is important to note that the presence of heart problems as indicated by disturbances in the rhythm of the post partum ECG. COVID-19 infection in pregnant women with IDDM can show mild or severe symptoms such as heart problems and further research is needed on the effect of this infection with a larger sample.

Clinical presentation of maternal death with COVID-19 in rural tertiary care center: A retrospective-descriptive Study

“…16 Another possibility is that COVID-19 infection in cells also causes ca2+ influx, caspase activation, ROS production, and mitochondrial damage that will stimulate the change of pro-IL-1β to IL-1β, which will later stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and worsen pre-eclampsia in patients. 14 The main weakness of this study was the bias of samples because the diagnostic kit limitation leads to the criteria included being too broad (including the suspect and probable case in total samples). A cross-regional study now needs to involve all the maternal deaths due to COVID-19 cases for samples sufficiency.…”

“…In pregnant women who have had SARS-CoV2 infection, there is an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, and IFNγ, which cause lung damage. 14 The height of IL-6 accompanied by high D-dimer causes hypercoagulability state that can cause systemic blood vessel thrombosis that can lead to death and heart disorders. 15 Severe COVID-19 infections were found by cytokine storms, characterized by an increase in IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, granulocyte-colony factor stimulating, Interferon alpha-inducible Protein 10 (IFNα-IP10) and TNFα.…”

“…Cytokine storm is also aggravated by comorbid disease in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, and pre-eclampsia. 14 When COVID-19 enters the cell, ACE2 is broken down by ADAM Metallopeptidase Domain 17 (ADAM17) in the cytoplasm. This decrease in ACE2 increases alveoli injury and pulmonary permeability due to the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin 2, a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin pathway.…”

Analisis Health Belief Model dalam Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Ibu Hamil

“…Hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena pada kehamilan terjadi peninggian diafragma, penekanan pada rongga thorax, dan penurunan volume paru sehingga menyebabkan shortness of breath. Kemampuan tubuh untuk membersihkan sekret saluran pernapasan juga menurun, serta meningkatnya resiko infeksi yang berat (Nurdianto et al, 2020).…”

Tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kualitas tidur masyarakat di Jawa Timur selama masa pandemi covid-19

“…Kita juga tahu bahwa Infeksi covid-19 ini dapat memunculkan gangguan imunopatologi berupa peningkatan sitokin proinflamasi, menekan interferon gamma (IFN-γ), meningkatkan jumlah neutrofil, meningkatnya rasio sel Th1/Th17, respon sel B dan respon sel CD8+ serta sel CD4+). Semua sitokin ini bila tidak bisa dikendalikan akan dapat menyebabkan badai sitokin yang dapat menyebabkan kematian pada pasien yang terinfeksi covid-19 (Nurdianto et al, 2020).…”