Infectious Endophthalmitis after Penetrating Injuries with Retained Intraocular Foreign Bodies

Thompson, John T.; Parver, Leonard M.; Enger, Cheryl; Mieler, William F.; Liggett, Peter E.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31454-5

Cited by 285 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is similar to the 6% reportedly wearing eye protection in a large American study of IOFBs. 9 Lack of eye protection is obviously a significant risk for IOFB, but it is also important to ensure that protective eyewear adequately shields the eyes from all angles of trajectory of foreign bodies (ie goggles or spectacles with side guards).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] IOFBs frequently cause severe visual loss, with 17-42% resulting in final vision worse than 6/60 in the injured eye. [3][4][5][6][7][8] A high percentage (50-54%) of IOFBs were identified as arising from work-related injuries, 3,6,9 and regardless of the environment in which the injury occurred, hammering was the most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 71-80% of such injuries. 7,[10][11][12] In one large American study, only 6% of persons with IOFBs were wearing protective eyewear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,[10][11][12] In one large American study, only 6% of persons with IOFBs were wearing protective eyewear. 9 The UK Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) places a duty on employers to provide appropriate protective eyewear, and a duty on employees to wear such protective eyewear where provided. Through estimating the incidence and aetiology of IOFBs in the United Kingdom, we hoped to determine whether this largely preventable form of eye injury remained a significant problem, and whether further measures to reduce its incidence could be suggested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surveillance of intraocular foreign bodies in the UK

Imrie

Cox

Foot

et al. 2007

Eye

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Aims To estimate the incidence of penetrating injuries with retained intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) in the United Kingdom, and to provide epidemiological data on the aetiology, management, and visual outcome of such injuries. Methods Cases were identified prospectively by active surveillance through the British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit reporting card system, for the 12-month period June 2004 to May 2005 inclusive. Questionnaire data were obtained from UK ophthalmologists at presentation and 6 months following presentation. Results Data were available on 97 patients at presentation and 95 patients at follow-up. The minimum estimated incidence of IOFBs in the United Kingdom identified in this study was 0.16 per 100 000. All patients were male. Hammering was the most common mechanism of injury, occurring in 62% of patients. The IOFB was found in the anterior segment in 24%, the posterior segment in 73%, and involved both segments in 3%. Endophthalmitis was diagnosed in 9% of patients. Best-corrected visual acuity of the injured eye at final follow-up was 6/12 or better in 67%, 6/18 to 6/60 in 11%, and worse than 6/60 in 22%. Prognostic factors for a poor visual outcome included poor visual acuity at presentation, prolapse of intraocular tissue, development of endophthalmitis, development of retinal detachment, and large size of IOFB. Conclusions The incidence of IOFB in the United Kingdom appears to have reduced compared to previous studies. The majority of patients (67%) retain good visual acuity in the injured eye; however, a significant minority (22%) sustain long-term severe visual loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surveillance of intraocular foreign bodies in the UK

Imrie

Cox

Foot

et al. 2007

Eye

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“…The rates of endophthalmitis following ocular trauma ranged from 3% to 17%, with an increased likelihood for significant vision loss due to the potential virulence of environmental isolates involved (Jonas, et al, 2000;Meredith, 1999;O'Brien and Choi, 1995;Thompson, et al, 1993). Staphylococci are the most common causes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis, with B. cereus ranked as the second most common cause.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ocular injuries with IOFBs accounted for 18 to 40% of all penetrating eye injuries. The involvement of IOFBs in penetrating injuries predisposes a risk of developing endophthalmitis (Brinton, et al, 1984;Thompson, et al, 1993Thompson, et al, ,1995Williams, et al, 1988). In such cases, the vast majority of IOFBs were typically found in the posterior segment.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial endophthalmitis: Therapeutic challenges and host–pathogen interactions

Callegan

Gilmore

Gregory

et al. 2007

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

151

153

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Endophthalmitis is an infection of the posterior segment of the eye that frequently results in loss of vision. This devastating result occurs despite prompt and often aggressive therapeutic and surgical intervention. Over the past decade, research has centered on determining the bacterial and host factors involved in this potentially blinding disease. The initial focus on the bacterial factors responsible for intraocular virulence has recently expanded into analysis the inflammatory response to infection, including the molecular and cellular interactions between the pathogen and host. This review discusses the epidemiology and therapeutic challenges posed by endophthalmitis, as well as recent findings from the analysis of interactions between the host and pathogen. Based on these findings, a model for the pathogenesis of endophthalmitis is presented. A more comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular interactions taking place between pathogen and host during endophthalmitis will expose possible therapeutic targets designed to arrest the infection and prevent vision loss.

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Nailing Down the Diagnosis

Coday¹,

Colby²

1999

Arch Ophthalmol

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Infectious Endophthalmitis after Penetrating Injuries with Retained Intraocular Foreign Bodies

Cited by 285 publications

References 12 publications

Surveillance of intraocular foreign bodies in the UK

Surveillance of intraocular foreign bodies in the UK

Bacterial endophthalmitis: Therapeutic challenges and host–pathogen interactions

Nailing Down the Diagnosis

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