Infection of Aotus azarae boliviensis Monkeys with Different Strains of Plasmodium vivax

We, Collins; Jc, Skinner; Broderson,; Pc, Mehaffey; Bb, Sutton

doi:10.2307/3281909

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although Aotus monkeys are usually less susceptible to infection via sporozoite inoculation, many strains of this parasite have been adapted to develop in Aotus monkeys. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Further studies to assess the efficacy of yP 2 P 30 Pv200 19 and other blood-stage candidate vaccines may better be conducted in Aotus monkeys using a strain of P. vivax shown to induce predictably high-density parasitemia in intact animals. Attempts will be made to establish such a model using strains of the parasite already adapted to monkeys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the efficacy of a recombinant merozoite surface protein (MSP-1(19) of Plasmodium vivax in Saimiri boliviensis monkeys.

Collins

Kaslow²,

Sullivan³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Saimiri boliviensis monkeys were immunized with the yeast-expressed recombinant protein yP 2 P 30 Pv200 19 . The antigen consisted of the C-terminus (amino acid Asn 1622 -Ser 1729 ) of the merozoite surface protein 1 of the Plasmodium vivax Salvador I strain. Two universal T helper cell epitopes (P 2 and P 30 ) of tetanus toxin and six histidine residues for purification purposes were attached to the N-and C-termini, respectively. Four groups of five monkeys were given three immunizations at four-week intervals with either 250 g of yP 2 P 30 Pv200 19 formulated with nonionic block copolymer P1005, 250 g of antigen adsorbed to alum, 250 g of antigen in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), or PBS alone. Five weeks after the last immunization, each animal was inoculated with 100,000 parasitized erythrocytes of the Salvador I strain of P. vivax. Animals were splenectomized one week after challenge to increase parasite densities; after seven weeks of infection, animals were treated. Eighteen weeks later, the animals were rechallenged with the homologous parasite. Following the first challenge, three monkeys immunized with the antigen with P1005 were protected; no animals were protected from rechallenge. One monkey immunized with yP 2 P 30 Pv200 19 with alum was protected; no protection was seen after rechallenge. Two monkeys immunized with antigen alone were protected; none were protected from rechallenge. One control animal had a low parasite count following primary infection; none were protected against rechallenge. Adverse reactions were only observed with animals receiving P1005. It is proposed that splenectomy of the monkeys prevented adequate assessment of the efficacy of this antigen. Identification of a monkey host that supports high density parasitemia without splenectomy appears needed before further testing of blood-stage vaccines against P. vivax.Procedures are being developed and evaluated for the testing of different synthetic peptide and recombinant protein vaccines in animals susceptible to infection with different species of Plasmodium. A model system has been developed for the testing of vaccines directed against the sporozoites of Plasmodium vivax using the Salvador I strain of the parasite and the nonhuman primate model of Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In previous trials, immunized animals were challenged with 10,000 or more sporozoites dissected from the salivary glands of infected mosquitoes, and the animals were splenectomized one week after challenge to increase parasitemia. Infection rate was highly predictable, but prepatent periods varied markedly.Our present study was designed to determine if this model system could be used to test the efficacy of a recombinant vaccine directed against the merozoite surface protein (MSP-1 19 ) of P. vivax. To increase uniformity of parasitemia, all animals were challenged by the intravenous inoculation of parasitized erythrocytes. All animals were splenectomized seven or eight days after challenge. Included in the trial were ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the efficacy of a recombinant merozoite surface protein (MSP-1(19) of Plasmodium vivax in Saimiri boliviensis monkeys.

Collins

Kaslow²,

Sullivan³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Subsequently, we reported the infection of A. azarae boliviensis, A. vociferans , and several additional A. nancymaae monkeys with the Chesson strain. [74][75][76] In addition, infections were induced in splenectomized chimpanzees to obtain massive numbers of infected mosquitoes and large volumes of parasitized erythrocytes for molecular studies. 77 Reported here is a summation of our studies with the Chesson strain of P. vivax in the different species of Aotus monkeys and a comparison with the infections in humans infected with the Chesson strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chesson Strain of Plasmodium vivax in Humans and Different Species of Aotus Monkeys

Collins

Sullivan

Jeffery

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Comparison was made between the parasitemia of Chesson strain Plasmodium vivax in humans and in splenectomized Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, A. nancymaae, A. vociferans, and A. azarae boliviensis monkeys. In the monkeys, 56.3% of the animals had maximum counts > 25,000/muL and in humans 59.6% were above this peak parasitemia. In humans, it took an average of 9.3 days to reach the maximum parasite count. In monkeys with no previous infections, it took an average of 18.9 days to reach the maximum parasite count; for those with previous infections, it took an average of 15 days. Human and nonhuman primate data on this parasite suggest that splenectomized Aotus monkeys, particularly A. lemurinus griseimembra, and to a somewhat lesser extent A. vociferans, can mimic the course of Chesson malaria in humans regarding parasitemia and mosquito infection.

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“…observed in splenectomized Saimiri sciureus of the most susceptible (Bolivian) phenotype infected with the Sal 1 line of P. vivax (Campbell, Collins, Chin, Roberts & Broderson, 1983). Furthermore, both the period of patency in the marmosets and the mean peak parasitaemia substantially exceed those reported for the Vietnam Palo-Alto line of P. vivax in splenectomized Aotus azarae boliviensis by Collins, Skinner, Broderson, Mehaffey & Sutton (1985). The intact marmoset thus appears a more suitable host than does either of these splenectomized cebid species, both because of the substantial parasitaemias produced, and because hosts with an intact immune system can be studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Plasmodium vivax malaria in the common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus: adaptation and host response to infection

et al. 1988

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Infection with Plasmodium vivax was established in splenectomized Callithrix jacchus marmosets by inoculation of parasitized blood from Aotus trivirgatus carrying the Vietnam Palo-Alto line of P. vivax. Subsequent blood passage through intact marmosets resulted in higher peak parasitaemias (about 1% of red cells infected) and the loss of stainable Schüffner's dots in infected cells. Primary infections with the adapted line were patent for 74 days or more, and induced both a substantial antibody response, as determined by indirect fluorescence, and some lymphocytosis, but no marked anaemia. Marmosets which had recovered from their primary infection (or in which it was drug-cured) suffered abbreviated patency with low-grade parasitaemia on re-infection.

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Infection of Aotus azarae boliviensis Monkeys with Different Strains of Plasmodium vivax

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Testing the efficacy of a recombinant merozoite surface protein (MSP-1(19) of Plasmodium vivax in Saimiri boliviensis monkeys.

Testing the efficacy of a recombinant merozoite surface protein (MSP-1(19) of Plasmodium vivax in Saimiri boliviensis monkeys.

The Chesson Strain of Plasmodium vivax in Humans and Different Species of Aotus Monkeys

Plasmodium vivax malaria in the common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus: adaptation and host response to infection

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