Infection and Disease in a Group of South Indian Families.

Kamath, K. R.; Feldman, Ricardo A.; Rao, Padma; Webb, Jessica

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120951

Cited by 45 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The findings of our study are comparable to the morbidity experience of children participating in a previous birth cohort study on rotavirus infections between the years 2002 and 2006 in the same slum population (Table 5), where they had an average of 11 episodes of different illnesses/year during the first three years of their lives [8]. However, another study conducted in 1965 among residents of 3 localities in Vellore town had reported a much higher morbidity burden in infants and children, with infants experiencing an average of 17.4 morbidities/child-year of observation (Table 5) [18]. Together, these findings suggest a decreasing trend in the burden of childhood diseases over the years in this region, possibly due to better access to health care, although the overall disease burden still remains high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A decrease in the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) with increasing age has also been noticed among children in rural Kenya [30]. In general, the rates of ARI seem to peak among infants aged 6–11 months [18,21,22], although higher rates in older children have also been observed [31]. An interesting finding was the significantly higher respiratory morbidity in the municipal drinking water cohort, which is possibly due to the greater use of firewood as the primary cooking fuel among these families (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in a semi-urban slum in southern India

et al. 2013

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BackgroundIndia has seen rapid unorganized urbanization in the past few decades. However, the burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in such populations is difficult to quantify. The morbidity experience of children living in semi-urban slums of a southern Indian city is described.MethodsA total of 176 children were recruited pre-weaning from four geographically adjacent, semi-urban slums located in the western outskirts of Vellore, Tamil Nadu for a study on water safety and enteric infections and received either bottled or municipal drinking water based on their area of residence. Children were visited weekly at home and had anthropometry measured monthly until their second birthday.ResultsA total of 3932 episodes of illness were recorded during the follow-up period, resulting in an incidence of 12.5 illnesses/child-year, with more illness during infancy than in the second year of life. Respiratory, mostly upper respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal illnesses were most common. Approximately one-third of children were stunted at two years of age, and two-thirds had at least one episode of growth failure during the two years of follow up. No differences in morbidity were seen between children who received bottled and municipal water.ConclusionsOur study found a high burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition among urban slum dwellers in southern India. Frequent illnesses may adversely impact children’s health and development, besides placing an additional burden on families who need to seek healthcare and find resources to manage illness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in a semi-urban slum in southern India

et al. 2013

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“…[17] The results also differed from those of a study conducted in the South Indian families living in three semi-urban areas of Vellore where ARI was the most common infection. [18] This was followed by diarrhea and worm infestation. In a Taiwanese study by Lai et al ., the most common illnesses encountered were ARI, skeletal and joint disease, hypertension, and APD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was, however, not hospital based; rather, it was conducted through house visits undertaken approximately twice each week. [18]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity Profile and Seasonal Variation of Diseases in a Primary Health Center in Kanpur District: A Tool for the Health Planners

Kumari

Nath

Midha

et al. 2012

J Family Med Prim Care

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Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the morbidity profile of patients being treated at the Primary Health Center, their distribution according to gender, and the seasonal trend of diseases.Materials and Methods:The study was done retrospectively using secondary data, over a period of 1 year from June 2007 to July 2008, at the OPD of the Primary Health Center at Patara in Kanpur District, India. The study was aimed to study the pattern of diseases according to the classification provided by the Government of India. The data were collected from the OPD registers of the consultant medical officer, and the diagnosis was classified into communicable diseases, nutritional and metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, obstetric complications, and other diseases including injuries.Results:A total of 6838 patients had been treated at the OPD, which included 2707 males and 4131 females. It was observed that, while communicable diseases constituted about half of the total burden of the diseases with skin infections being the commonest; the non-communicable diseases constituted about one-fifth of the total disease burden. Significant gender differences were evident in the prevalence of certain diseases such as worm infestation, acute respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastritis, arthritis/gout, falls/injuries/fractures, anemia, pyrexia of unknown origin, and snake bite. Most of the diseases were observed to have a seasonal variation, with the communicable and infectious diseases peaking in the monsoon months. Surprisingly, the non-communicable diseases such as gastritis and falls and injuries also showed a seasonal variation.Conclusion:Many diseases have a seasonal variation and the burden of these diseases could be reduced if we devise measures to detect the changes in their trend through the implementation of surveillance programs in this part of the world, as has been carried out in other countries. The knowledge of the burden of the diseases would also assist the health administrators in judicious allocation of the resources.

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“…O diferencial verificado nas incidências por faixa etária obedecem o mesmo padrão encontrado em diversos relatos da literatura 8,13,14,18,20,25 . A variabilidade da incidência por faixa etária está condicionada, ao menos em parte, à situação imunitária do hospedeiro e ao predomínio de diferentes agentes infecciosos em grupos etários distintos 10 .…”

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Gastroenterites e infecções respiratórias agudas em crianças menores de 5 anos em área da região Sudeste do Brasil, 1986-1987: I - Infecções respiratórias agudas

et al. 1996

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Estudou-se coorte constituída de uma amostra probabilística (N=468) de crianças menores de 5 anos, residentes em 5 áreas do Município de São Paulo, SP (Brasil), acompanhada durante 1 ano, por meio de entrevistas mensais. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no período de março de 1986 a maio de 1987. Entre as características sociais e econômicas das famílias das crianças estudadas, estão: a) mediana da renda familiar "per capita" de um salário-mínimo da época; b) 29,3% das crianças tinham pais migrantes com tempo médio de fixação no Município de São Paulo de 18,6 anos; c) 40% das famílias utilizavam exclusivamente serviços de saúde públicos ou filantrópicos. Das crianças estudadas, 87,3% eram eutróficas; 94% haviam recebido todas as doses de vacina preconizadas pelo Programa Nacional de Imunizações; 90,6% nunca haviam sido internadas em conseqüência de infecção respiratória aguda (IRA). Durante a investigação foram identificados 554 episódios de IRA, com uma duração média de 6,8 dias, e uma incidência de 11,08 episódios por 100 crianças/mês. O grupo etário mais atingido foi o dos menores de 1 ano. Em 36,1% dos casos de IRA identificados, verificaram-se eventos semelhantes no mesmo domicílio, sendo que em 53% desses episódios o caso-índice foi uma criança menor de 6 anos. Quanto ao tipo de atendimento, em 45,7% dos episódios as crianças foram tratadas pelas próprias mães, 6,9% recorreram a farmacêuticos, 46,7% foram atendidas em diferentes tipos de ambulatórios e somente 4 casos (0,7%) necessitaram tratamento hospitalar, com um deles evoluindo para óbito. As medidas terapêuticas mais utilizadas entre os casos que demandaram assistência médica foram a antibioticoterapia e os expectorantes. Alguns fatores socioeconômicos e antecedentes pessoais, tais como condições habitacionais, aglomeração intradomiciliar assim como antecedentes de doenças respiratórias, mostraram-se associados à incidência mais elevada de IRA.

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Infection and Disease in a Group of South Indian Families.

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in a semi-urban slum in southern India

Burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in a semi-urban slum in southern India

Morbidity Profile and Seasonal Variation of Diseases in a Primary Health Center in Kanpur District: A Tool for the Health Planners

Gastroenterites e infecções respiratórias agudas em crianças menores de 5 anos em área da região Sudeste do Brasil, 1986-1987: I - Infecções respiratórias agudas

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