Infant Feeding Options, Other Nonchemoprophylactic Factors, and Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Zambia

Torpey, Kwasi; Kabaso, Mushota; Weaver, Mark A.; Kasonde, Prisca; Mukonka, Victor; Bweupe, Maximillian; Mukundu, Jonathan; Mandala, Justin

doi:10.1177/1545109710393308

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our finding is comparable to those in many other publications [11], [12], [13], [14]. We had a similar finding when we previously analyzed a smaller subset of the same data presented here [6], [7].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Children lived from the five provinces supported by ZPCT – Central, Copperbelt, Luapula, North-Western, and Northern Provinces – between September 2007 and July 2010. This study is an update of an earlier analysis which covered the period between September 2007 and January 2009 [6], [7].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier we published test results of 8,237 perinatally exposed children to estimate HIV transmission rates in a program setting in Zambia [6], [7]. In this paper, we provide an update to those results, analyzing data from 28,320 perinatally exposed infants, which includes the previously published data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of HIV Early Infant Diagnosis Data to Estimate Rates of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Zambia

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) remains the most prevalent source of pediatric HIV infection. Most PMTCT (prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV) programs have concentrated monitoring and evaluation efforts on process rather than on outcome indicators. In this paper, we review service data from 28,320 children born to HIV-positive mothers to estimate MTCT rates.MethodThis study analyzed DNA PCR results and PMTCT data from perinatally exposed children zero to 12 months of age from five Zambian provinces between September 2007 and July 2010.ResultsThe majority of children (58.6%) had a PCR test conducted between age six weeks and six months. Exclusive breastfeeding (56.8%) was the most frequent feeding method. An estimated 45.9% of mothers were below 30 years old and 93.3% had disclosed their HIV status. In terms of ARV regimen for PMTCT, 32.7% received AZT+single dose NVP (sdNVP), 30.9% received highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART), 19.6% received sdNVP only and 12.9% received no ARVs. Transmission rates at six weeks when ARVs were received by both mother and baby, mother only, baby only, and none were 5.8%, 10.5%, 15.8% and 21.8% respectively. Transmission rates at six weeks where mother received HAART, AZT+sd NVP, sdNVP, and no intervention were 4.2%, 6.8%, 8.7% and 20.1% respectively. Based on adjusted analysis including ARV exposures and non ARV-related parameters, lower rates of positive PCR results were associated with 1) both mother and infant receiving prophylaxis, 2) children never breastfed and 3) mother being 30 years old or greater.Overall between September 2007 and July 2010, 12.2% of PCR results were HIV positive. Between September 2007 and January 2009, then between February 2009 and July 2010, proportions of positive PCR results were 15.1% and 11% respectively, a significant difference.ConclusionThe use of ARV drugs reduces vertical transmission of HIV in a program setting. Non-chemoprophylactic factors also play a significant role in HIV transmission. The overall change in the proportions of positive PCR results over time is more likely an indication of better PMTCT implementation. Determination of the outcomes of PMTCT in program settings is feasible but requires accurate documentation and analysis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of HIV Early Infant Diagnosis Data to Estimate Rates of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Zambia

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the 80 infants aged 6 months or less, 40(50%) were exclusively breastfed, 30(37.5%) replacement feeding (received formula) and 10(12.5%) received mixed feeding. Similar to our findings, Anoje et al [55] from southern Nigeria reported high prevalence of 80% exclusive breast-feeding and Torpey [46] in Zambia reported 84% of babies receiving exclusive breast milk as compared with other feeding option. Our study showed that the risk of vertical transmission of HIV associated with exclusive breast feeding was considerably lower reported as 3(1.9%) compared with 4(2.5%) in replacement feeding and 8(5.0%) in mixed feeding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The association was significant in the age groups six weeks to six months and six months to 12 months. They believe that place of delivery, disclosure of HIV positive status, and mother's age -do influence adherence to ARVs regimen, infant feeding practices, or counseling offered during PMTCT interventions [46]. In this present study, male had high frequency of 87(54.4% ) with prevalence of 52 (32.3%) in age group 0-3 months compared to 46(28.7%) female in the same age group which is similar to previous studies reported 88 males and 75 females with male to female ratio of 1.2:1 by Onankpa and Tahir et al [47], 121(54.0%) males (M), 103(46.0%) females (F) with an M: F ratio of 1:0.9 reported by Anígilájé et al [48], 63 (56.2%) male and 49(43.8%) female as reported by Jean [49] and 329(54.8%) males and 271(45.2%) females, giving a male: female ratio of 1.2:1 by Babatunde et al [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Infant Feeding Strategies to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Vertical Transmission in Ekiti State

J¹,

Ct²,

Kelvin³

et al. 2017

ICPJL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Disclosure of HIV serostatus among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Disclosure of one's HIV status can help to improve uptake and retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services; yet, it remains a challenge for many women. This systematic review evaluates disclosure rates among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa, timing of disclosure, and factors affecting decisions to disclose. PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify relevant studies published between January 2000 and April 2014. Rates of HIV serostatus disclosure to any person ranged from 5.0% to 96.7% (pooled estimate: 67.0%, 95% CI: 55.7%-78.3%). Women who chose to disclose their status did so more often to their partners (pooled estimate: 63.9%; 95% CI: 56.7%-71.1%) than to family members (pooled estimate: 40.1; 95% CI: 26.2%-54.0%), friends (pooled estimate: 6.4%; 95% CI: 3.0%-9.8%), or religious leaders (pooled estimate: 7.1%; 95% CI: 4.3%-9.8%). Most women disclosed prior to delivery. Decisions to disclose were associated with factors related to the woman herself (younger age, first pregnancies, knowing someone with HIV, lower levels of internalized stigma, and lower levels of avoidant coping), the partner (prior history of HIV testing and higher levels of educational attainment), their partnership (no history of domestic violence and financial independence), and the household (higher quality of housing and residing without co-spouses or extended family members). Interventions to encourage and support women in safely disclosing their status are needed.

show abstract

Infant Feeding Options, Other Nonchemoprophylactic Factors, and Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Zambia

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of HIV Early Infant Diagnosis Data to Estimate Rates of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Zambia

Analysis of HIV Early Infant Diagnosis Data to Estimate Rates of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Zambia

Effectiveness of Infant Feeding Strategies to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Vertical Transmission in Ekiti State

Disclosure of HIV serostatus among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About