Industrial metabolism of PVC in China: A dynamic material flow analysis

Zhou, Yucheng; Yang, Ning; Hu, Shanying

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.12.016

Cited by 80 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the most important manufactured resins, the products of which can be used in a large range of applications such as pipes, packaging, flooring, cables, films, medical devices, coatings and so on . A plasticizer is defined as a substance incorporated in a plastic to increase its flexibility or workability, which are widely applied in PVC processing as additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and application of a novel cardanol‐based plasticizer as secondary or main plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Chen

Nie

Jiang

2018

Polymer International

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A novel plasticizer based on cardanol, hydrogenated cardanol glycidyl ether acetic ester containing phosphaphenanthrene group (HCGEP), was prepared and incorporated into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) for the first time. The molecular structure was characterized with Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The thermal degradation behavior and flame retardant performance of PVC films with HCGEP as secondary or main plasticizer were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, combustion tests, limiting oxygen index tests and morphological analysis of residues. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of PVC films were examined based on the results of tensile testing. The results were compared to those of the petroleum‐based plasticizer dioctyl phthalate. With the substitution of dioctyl phthalate with HCGEP, PVC films exhibited high thermal stability and better flame retardant performance. The tensile test results showed that the addition of HCGEP could endow PVC resin with well‐balanced properties of flexibility, strength and hardness. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and application of a novel cardanol‐based plasticizer as secondary or main plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Chen

Nie

Jiang

2018

Polymer International

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“…Although the model is capable of giving insight for the reference year, considering the dynamism of the electronics sector (i.e., rapid changes in composition, lifetime, trade volumes, consumer choices and products) it falls short from being informative for the future. To overcome this shortcoming, dynamic MFA can be conducted by considering the historical trends in material flows and relevant socioeconomic indicators to develop projections for quantifying the flows and stocks in future (Müller et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2013). Moreover, a broader picture of WEEE recycling in Switzerland can be achieved by extending this study to other categories of WEEE and to other substances (e.g., critical metals, rare Earth metals).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic management of WEEE in Switzerland—combining material flow analysis with structural analysis

Duygan

Grégoire

2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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“…When using dynamic DEA under time-dependent situations, additional benefits are associated with the use of time-series data and the carry-over [20]. The need for both inventory data and carry-over data may give rise to potential links to other analytical methods such as (time-dependent) material flow analysis [23].…”

Section: Em + Dyndea Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Ecocentric Assessment Combining Emergy and Data Envelopment Analysis: Application to Wind Farms

Martín-Gamboa

Iribarren

2016

Resources

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Most of current life-cycle approaches show an anthropocentric standpoint for the evaluation of human-dominated activities. However, this perspective is insufficient when it comes to assessing the contribution of natural resources to production processes. In this respect, emergy analysis evaluates human-driven systems from a donor-side perspective, accounting for the environmental effort performed to make the resources available. This article presents a novel methodological framework, which combines emergy analysis and dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the ecocentric assessment of multiple resembling entities over an extended period of time. The use of this approach is shown through a case study of wind energy farms. Furthermore, the results obtained are compared with those of previous studies from two different angles. On the one hand, a comparison with results from anthropocentric approaches (combined life cycle assessment and DEA) is drawn. On the other hand, results from similar ecocentric approaches, but without a dynamic model, are also subject to comparison. The combined use of emergy analysis and dynamic DEA is found to be a valid methodological framework for the computation of resource efficiency and the valuation of ecosystem services. It complements traditional anthropocentric assessments while appropriately including relevant time effects.

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Industrial metabolism of PVC in China: A dynamic material flow analysis

Cited by 80 publications

References 23 publications

Synthesis and application of a novel cardanol‐based plasticizer as secondary or main plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Synthesis and application of a novel cardanol‐based plasticizer as secondary or main plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride)

Strategic management of WEEE in Switzerland—combining material flow analysis with structural analysis

Dynamic Ecocentric Assessment Combining Emergy and Data Envelopment Analysis: Application to Wind Farms

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