In the article, on the basis of a new resource-useful approach to the assessment
of socio-economic processes, the problems of ensuring and increasing the competitiveness and security of economic systems are considered, and the role of the technological factor in overcoming them is revealed. The methodology and methods of quantitative and qualitative determination of the level of manufacturability of economic systems are characterized; on their basis, the dynamics of technical and technological development of the national economy of Belarus and China is analyzed. The key factors, conditions, principles of ensuring (improving) the technological, and hence the economic and national security of the state in the modern conditions of new (digital) industrialization are determined, recommendations for achieving this goal are substantiated.