Induction of temperate cyanophage AS-1 by heavy metal – copper

Lee, Lee H.; Lui, D.; Platner, Patricia J; Hsu, Shi-Fang; Chu, Tin-Chun; Gaynor, John J.; Vega, Quinn; Lustigman, B.

doi:10.1186/1471-2180-6-17

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…4 ; t test, P < 0.05). Previous studies have also shown that heavy-metal pollutants induce lytic bacteriophages in marine bacteria ( 21 , 22 ). The remarkable enrichment of phages caused by copper treatment suggested the multiplication of phages and lysis of their hosts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of Copper Treatment on the Composition and Function of the Bacterial Community in the Sponge Haliclona cymaeformis

Tian

Wang

Bougouffa

et al. 2014

mBio

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Marine sponges are the most primitive metazoan and host symbiotic microorganisms. They are crucial components of the marine ecological system and play an essential role in pelagic processes. Copper pollution is currently a widespread problem and poses a threat to marine organisms. Here, we examined the effects of copper treatment on the composition of the sponge-associated bacterial community and the genetic features that facilitate the survival of enriched bacteria under copper stress. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the sponge Haliclona cymaeformis harbored symbiotic sulfur-oxidizing Ectothiorhodospiraceae and photosynthetic Cyanobacteria as dominant species. However, these autotrophic bacteria decreased substantially after treatment with a high copper concentration, which enriched for a heterotrophic-bacterium-dominated community. Metagenomic comparison revealed a varied profile of functional genes and enriched functions, including bacterial motility and chemotaxis, extracellular polysaccharide and capsule synthesis, virulence-associated genes, and genes involved in cell signaling and regulation, suggesting short-period mechanisms of the enriched bacterial community for surviving copper stress in the microenvironment of the sponge. Microscopic observation and comparison revealed dynamic bacterial aggregation within the matrix and lysis of sponge cells. The bacteriophage community was also enriched, and the complete genome of a dominant phage was determined, implying that a lytic phage cycle was stimulated by the high copper concentration. This study demonstrated a copper-induced shift in the composition of functional genes of the sponge-associated bacterial community, revealing the selective effect of copper treatment on the functions of the bacterial community in the microenvironment of the sponge.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of Copper Treatment on the Composition and Function of the Bacterial Community in the Sponge Haliclona cymaeformis

Tian

Wang

Bougouffa

et al. 2014

mBio

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“…It is common place that both lytic and lysogenic strategies are present in complex environmental microbial communities [57], and lysogeny is thought to be favored under adverse conditions by enhancing both phage and host survival in soils [58]. Furthermore, phage cycles are rarely triggered spontaneously [59], as they often respond to external cues/stressors [57], including metal (e.g., Cu) [60]. One key molecular signal involved in phage-triggering is the host cell DNA repair mechanisms, so-called “SOS response” [61], which are activated upon DNA damage (e.g., caused by pollutants) [62].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term soil metal exposure impaired temporal variation in microbial metatranscriptomes and enriched active phages

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIt remains unclear whether adaptation and changes in diversity associated to a long-term perturbation are sufficient to ensure functional resilience of soil microbial communities. We used RNA-based approaches (16S rRNA gene transcript amplicon coupled to shotgun mRNA sequencing) to study the legacy effects of a century-long soil copper (Cu) pollution on microbial activity and composition, as well as its effect on the capacity of the microbial community to react to temporal fluctuations.ResultsDespite evidence of microbial adaptation (e.g., iron homeostasis and avoidance/resistance strategies), increased heterogeneity and richness loss in transcribed gene pools were observed with increasing soil Cu, together with an unexpected predominance of phage mRNA signatures. Apparently, phage activation was either triggered directly by Cu, or indirectly via enhanced expression of DNA repair/SOS response systems in Cu-exposed bacteria. Even though total soil carbon and nitrogen had accumulated with increasing Cu, a reduction in temporally induced mRNA functions was observed. Microbial temporal response groups (TRGs, groups of microbes with a specific temporal response) were heavily affected by Cu, both in abundance and phylogenetic composition.ConclusionAltogether, results point toward a Cu-mediated “decoupling” between environmental fluctuations and microbial activity, where Cu-exposed microbes stopped fulfilling their expected contributions to soil functioning relative to the control. Nevertheless, some functions remained active in February despite Cu, concomitant with an increase in phage mRNA signatures, highlighting that somehow, microbial activity is still happening under these adverse conditions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-018-0606-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…to act as hosts within the samples. The understanding of cyanophage populations is important due to the fact that it can potentially be used as a CHAB control by reducing the amount of cyanobacteria in a biological rather than chemical methods that are currently in use [21]. In the future it may be prudent to employ more species-specific primers to identify the cyanobacteria and cyanophage populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyanophages alter populations of cyanobacteria and can play a role in community composition, depending on the cyanophage types present. Given their ability to affect community structure, cyanophages have a critical role in reducing the frequency and strength of CHABs [20] [21]. The aim of this study is to rapidly detect and characterize the cyanobacteria and their phages of Barnegat Bay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Characterization of the Cyanobacteria and Cyanophages of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey

Rahman¹,

Greco²,

Nanda³

et al. 2019

JEP

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Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHAB), caused by eutrophication, are known to threaten both wildlife and human health. Due to urbanization and land use changes, an increase of CHAB's at a more frequent rate within Barnegat Bay has been observed. In order to detect possible CHAB causing cyanobacteria, water samples were collected from 12 different locations within Barnegat Bay. Each sample was filtered through a 30-and 0.4-μm polycarbonate filter sequentially. Flow cytometry was carried out for the filtrate collected between 0.4-and 30-μm. Chelex DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis were then performed for all sites using four primer sets (27F/785R, PSF/UR, CYA359F/CYA781R and MSF/MSR) designed to detect cyanobacteria. Flow cytometric results indicated the water samples contained a wide range of cyanobacteria, including M. aeruginosa, Cylindrospermum spp., Anabaena spp., and Synechococcus sp. IU 625 ranges from 3.16 to 8.17 × 10 7 cells·L −1 . PCR-based assays suggest that general cyanobacteria as well as phytospecific species were present for all sites, but no toxin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa was detected. Plaque assays demonstrated the presence of cyanophages for S. IU 625, Anabaena spp., and M. aeruginosa at all sites, up to 10 5 PFU·ml −1 .

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Induction of temperate cyanophage AS-1 by heavy metal – copper

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Copper Treatment on the Composition and Function of the Bacterial Community in the Sponge Haliclona cymaeformis

Effect of Copper Treatment on the Composition and Function of the Bacterial Community in the Sponge Haliclona cymaeformis

Long-term soil metal exposure impaired temporal variation in microbial metatranscriptomes and enriched active phages

Detection and Characterization of the Cyanobacteria and Cyanophages of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey

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