Individual differences in working memory capacity and conscious processing do not explain explicit and implicit learning outcomes in physical education

Kok, Marjan; Nuij, Jennifer; Kal, Elmar; Kamp, John van der

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2022.103003

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Además, también podría ser debido a que este grupo de deportistas podría haber tenido una menor percepción de competencia debido a que la discriminación generalizada en la sociedad hacia el deporte femenino pueda repercutir negativamente sobre las jugadoras y, por tanto, tener esa percepción de ser menos competentes. Diversos autores opinan que los métodos de aprendizaje implícitos, como los propuestos en la perspectiva ecológica, son recomendables para fortalecer los sentimientos de autoeficacia (Kok et al, 2022;Van der Kamp et al, 2015). Asimismo, la percepción de eficacia lleva asociado niveles de estrés más bajos y, a su vez, esto facilita la vivencia de entrar en un estado de flow (García et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Probablemente, la forma de presentar la tarea en el enfoque ecológico, donde las jugadoras han de atender solamente a unas restricciones, puede ser la causante de esta mayor percepción de rendimiento. Tal y como afirman Kok et al, (2022) a medida que la memoria de trabajo continúa desarrollándose en la edad adulta (Huizinga et 2006), los recursos de memoria disponibles pueden limitar la capacidad de los jóvenes para beneficiarse del aprendizaje explícito ya que esta depende de la memoria de trabajo (Masters et al, 2013), por eso, tal vez, la utilización de heurísticos decisionales fueron los causantes de no tener dicha percepción debido a su mayor complejidad y utilidad de la memoria. Se ha de tener presente, tal y como hemos comentado anteriormente, que las restricciones llevaban asociadas el cambio de posesión de balón.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Rendimiento y cogniciones de mujeres futbolistas en dos sesiones con metodología ecológica y cognitiva (Performance and cognitions of female soccer players in two sessions with ecological and cognitive methodology)

Momparler Marchirant,

Guzmán Luján

2023

Retos

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Este trabajo analizó los efectos de dos sesiones, una ecológica y otra cognitiva, sobre el estado de flow, la ansiedad, el rendimiento real y percibido, la satisfacción deportiva y de necesidades psicológicas básicas, percepción de demanda y fatiga del juego experimentada por mujeres futbolistas. Se utilizó un diseño unifactorial intrasujeto de intercambio de tratamiento con medidas de rendimiento durante la sesión y medidas autorreferenciales post intervención. La intervención se realizó en dos equipos amateur de fútbol femenino de categoría regional. La muestra fue dividida en 2 subgrupos mediante bloqueo equilibrado en función del rol de juego y el nivel de habilidad deportiva. Cada grupo realizó en una sesión la intervención ecológica y en otra la intervención cognitiva, intercambiando el orden. El análisis inferencial de las puntuaciones individuales se realizó mediante la prueba de rangos de Wilcoxon y el de rendimiento colectivo con la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, dada la falta de ajuste a la normalidad de las puntuaciones. Los resultados mostraron mayor percepción de: flow, rendimiento deportivo individual y colectivo, satisfacción deportiva, necesidades psicológicas básicas y esfuerzo físico, así como menor percepción de ansiedad, en la sesión realizada con metodología ecológica. Asimismo, en esa metodología también se obtuvo mayor rendimiento final y número de pases laterales, ambas facetas del juego consideradas positivas. Palabras clave: Género, flow, ansiedad, satisfacción, demanda, fatiga. Abstract. This work analyzed the effects of two sessions, an ecological and a cognitive one. They were about the flow state, anxiety, actual and perceived performance, sports satisfaction and the basic psychological needs, and insight into demand and game fatigue experienced by female soccer players It was used a unifactorial intrasubject process exchange design with performance measures during the session and self-referential measures after the intervention. The intervention was carried out with two amateur women's soccer teams of regional category. Each one was divided into 2 subgroups by means of balanced blocking according to the role of the game and the level of sports ability. Each group carried in a session, the ecological intervention and in another one, the cognitive intervention, in reverse order. The inferential analysis of the individual scores was accomplished by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and that of the collective performance with the Mann-Whitney U test, in the absence of adjustment to the normality of the scores. The results showed higher perceptions of flow, individual and group sports performance, sports satisfaction, basic psychological needs and physical effort, as well as lower perception of anxiety with the ecological methodology session. Likewise, a higher final performance and an increase in the number of lateral passes were also obtained with the use of the same methodology, both facets of the game were considered positive. Key words. Gender, flow, anxiety, satisfaction, demand, fatigue.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Rendimiento y cogniciones de mujeres futbolistas en dos sesiones con metodología ecológica y cognitiva (Performance and cognitions of female soccer players in two sessions with ecological and cognitive methodology)

Momparler Marchirant,

Guzmán Luján

2023

Retos

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“…Specifically, simplified information processing is more effective for individuals with low as opposed to high working-memory capacity. For instance, working memory has recently been linked to the use of motor heuristics (Heisler et al, 2023) and, similarly, evidence suggests that individual differences in working memory capacity are associated with explicit SIMPLIFIED INFORMATION PROCESSING IN ACTION 18 processing and chunking patterns in motor learning (e.g., Seidler et al, 2012; but see Kok et al, 2022;van Abswoude et al, 2020).…”

Section: Hypothesis 2: Simplified Information Processing Speeds Up In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unifying Rules for Simplified Information Processing in Action – Less is More

Voigt,

Raab,

Masters

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This article seeks to integrate motor heuristics (Raab, 2017) and movement analogies (Masters, 2000) into a new theory, the Theory of Simplified Information Processing in Action. Following the two-step theory integration program by Gigerenzer (2017), we first describe the commonalities and differences of empirical phenomena associated with motor heuristics and movement analogies, before we analyze how the two concepts produce functionally equivalent outcomes. Both motor heuristics and movement analogies try to explain how motor control and motor learning can be optimized, especially in circumstances of potential information overload. They emphasize the power of simplicity, postulating that “less-is-more” when it comes to the information that needs to be processed to enable successful sports performance. Motor heuristics simplify movement selection by rank ordering information, whereas movement analogies are thought to simplify movement execution by chunking information. We consider rank ordering and chunking as functionally equivalent cognitive means to achieve simplified information processing during actions and, thus, facilitating motor performance in circumstances of potential information overload. The Theory of Simplified Information Processing in Action encourages researchers to investigate underlying mechanisms of simplified information processing during actions and informs practitioners how to stabilize and improve performance by simplifying information processing.

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“…To sum up, four of the studies manipulating learning strategies did not elicit reinvestmentrelated performance benefits because either reinvestment still had a negative influence on performance after the interventions (van Duijn et al, 2019;van Ginneken et al, 2018) or the approach did not specifically benefit high reinvesters (Daou et al, 2019;Kok et al, 2022). One study (Wang et al, 2024) found that employing an explicit learning strategy decreased the performance of low reinvesters.…”

Section: Learning Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to manage performance breakdowns due to reinvestment in sports tasks: A systematic review.

Grove,

Voigt,

Raab

2024

Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology

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Individual differences in working memory capacity and conscious processing do not explain explicit and implicit learning outcomes in physical education

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Rendimiento y cogniciones de mujeres futbolistas en dos sesiones con metodología ecológica y cognitiva (Performance and cognitions of female soccer players in two sessions with ecological and cognitive methodology)

Rendimiento y cogniciones de mujeres futbolistas en dos sesiones con metodología ecológica y cognitiva (Performance and cognitions of female soccer players in two sessions with ecological and cognitive methodology)

Unifying Rules for Simplified Information Processing in Action – Less is More

Approaches to manage performance breakdowns due to reinvestment in sports tasks: A systematic review.

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