Individual differences in behaviour explain variation in survival: a meta-analysis

Moiron, Maria; Laskowski, Kate L.; Niemelä, Petri T.

doi:10.32942/osf.io/tz2v8

Cited by 40 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Greater population density was associated with greater functional richness and lower functional divergence and evenness of personality traits. As personality traits have ecological consequences [6,8,9] and can affect the demographics of populations [27,51,52] practitioners should incorporate the functional diversity of personality traits in conservation plans. Our results suggest that, where direct measurements are not possible, vegetation heterogeneity and population density may be used as proxies for functional behavioural diversity in wildlife populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental heterogeneity and population density affect the functional diversity of personality traits in small mammal populations

Mortelliti

Brehm

2020

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Understanding factors affecting the functional diversity of ecological communities is an important goal for ecologists and conservationists. Previous work has largely been conducted at the community level; however, recent studies have highlighted the critical importance of considering intraspecific functional diversity (i.e. the functional diversity of phenotypic traits among conspecifics). Further, a major limitation of existing literature on this topic is the lack of empirical studies examining functional diversity of behavioural phenotypes —including animal personalities. This is a major shortcoming because personality traits can affect the fitness of individuals, and the composition of personalities in a population can have important ecological consequences. Our study aims to contribute to filling this knowledge gap by investigating factors affecting the functional diversity of personality traits in wild animal populations. Specifically, we predicted that the richness, divergence and evenness associated with personality traits would be impacted by key components of forest structure and would vary between contrasting forest types. To achieve our objective we conducted a fully replicated large-scale field experiment over a 4 year period using small mammal populations as a model system. We found that greater heterogeneity in the cover of shrubs, coarse woody debris and canopy cover was associated with a greater richness, lower divergence and lower evenness in personality traits. Greater population density was associated with greater functional richness and lower functional divergence and evenness of personality traits. To maintain a behaviourally diverse population and its associated functions, managers may promote heterogeneity in vegetation and increased population density, which we found to be the most important determinants driving functional diversity of personality traits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental heterogeneity and population density affect the functional diversity of personality traits in small mammal populations

Mortelliti

Brehm

2020

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…The repeatability of behaviour (sometimes conceptualised as 'personality') is an important, rapidly developing area of research (Dingemanse & Dochtermann, 2013;Moirón et al, 2019) which is also often considered for movement behaviours Webber et al, 2020; or social behaviours (Firth et al, 2017). If behaviour is highly repeatable across time, for example, where individuals inhabit similar home ranges from year to year (Stopher et al, 2012), time-scale problems may be mostly avoidable.…”

Section: Considering Analytical Time-scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unifying spatial and social network analysis in disease ecology

Albery

Kirkpatrick

Firth

et al. 2020

Journal of Animal Ecology

100

126

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1. Social network analysis has achieved remarkable popularity in disease ecology, and is sometimes carried out without investigating spatial heterogeneity. Many investigations into sociality and disease may nevertheless be subject to cryptic spatial variation, so ignoring spatial processes can limit inference regarding disease dynamics. 2. Disease analyses can gain breadth, power and reliability from incorporating both spatial and social behavioural data. However, the tools for collecting and analysing these data simultaneously can be complex and unintuitive, and it is often unclear when spatial variation must be accounted for. These difficulties contribute to the scarcity of simultaneous spatial-social network analyses in disease ecology thus far. 3. Here, we detail scenarios in disease ecology that benefit from spatial-social analysis. We describe procedures for simultaneous collection of both spatial and social data, and we outline statistical approaches that can control for and estimate spatial-social covariance in disease ecology analyses. 4. We hope disease researchers will expand social network analyses to more often include spatial components and questions. These measures will increase the scope of such analyses, allowing more accurate model estimates, better inference of transmission modes, susceptibility effects and contact scaling patterns, and ultimately more effective disease interventions. K E Y W O R D S disease ecology, methodology, parasite transmission, social network analysis, spatial analysis GPS: animals are marked and tracked over relatively large distances using satellites. Spatial: summarise individuals' movements across the landscape. Social: parameterise activity patterns to identify groups or interactions.

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“…Different animal personality types have associated advantages and disadvantages, such as predator avoidance, access to social information and disease transmission (Wilson et al 2013;Abbey-Lee & Dingemanse 2019, Moiron et al 2019) suggesting a trade-off.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social network node-based metrics can function as proxies for animal personality traits

Plaza¹,

Burke²,

Cox³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Behavioural traits are considered animal personality traits when individuals differ consistently in trait expression across time and context. Previous research has primarily focused on the shy-bold continuum, with research on sociability as potential proxy for animal personality traits only recently being considered. Here, we test the hypothesis that three node-based metrics derived from social association networks between individuals (strength, betweenness, closeness) can be considered proxies for animal personality traits in a passerine bird. Using experimental data from house sparrows in captive populations, and observational data from house sparrows in a wild population, we show that all three traits exhibit repeatability. The highest repeatability values were estimated in male-only captive groups, while repeatabilities estimated in single-sex networks subsets from mixed-sex groups showed no sex-specificity. We also show that changes in social group composition led to a decrease in repeatability for up to six months. Concluding, this work provides substantial and generalizable support for the notion that social network node-based traits map animal personalities.

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Individual differences in behaviour explain variation in survival: a meta-analysis

Cited by 40 publications

References 66 publications

Environmental heterogeneity and population density affect the functional diversity of personality traits in small mammal populations

Environmental heterogeneity and population density affect the functional diversity of personality traits in small mammal populations

Unifying spatial and social network analysis in disease ecology

Social network node-based metrics can function as proxies for animal personality traits

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