Individual Correlates of Podoconiosis in Areas of Varying Endemicity: A Case-Control Study

Molla, Yordanos; Blond, Jennifer S. Le; Wardrop, Nicola A.; Baxter, Peter; Atkinson, Peter M.; Newport, Melanie J.; Davey, Gail

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002554

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In unaffected families only, there was a significant association between the gender of the index child and reported shoe wearing, with male children being more likely to wear shoes than female children. This finding is consistent with previous studies in podoconiosisendemic communities of Ethiopia 22,26 in which more women were found to be barefoot than men, and women were wearing lower quality shoes than men. These gender differences may be attributed to deep-rooted social norms regarding women's dependence on men in making decisions in relation to resources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association Between Causal Beliefs and Shoe Wearing to Prevent Podoconiosis: A Baseline Study

Ayode

Tora

Farrell

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Podoconiosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by long-term barefoot exposure to volcanic clay soil. Our previous qualitative research identified various domains of beliefs about the causes of podoconiosis held by members of the community. This cross-sectional survey, conducted in southern Ethiopia, aimed to quantitatively evaluate the prevalence of these beliefs and to assess their association with observed shoe-wearing behavior. A total of 1,800 adult respondents (600 from affected families and 1,200 from unaffected families of an index child aged between 3 and 6 years) took part in the survey. Two standardized versions of an enumerator-administered survey were created, with "all day, everyday" shoe-wearing status of the index child assessed in parallel for the affected and unaffected household respondents. Associations between measures were assessed using logistic regression. Accuracy of understanding about podoconiosis was significantly lower among respondents from unaffected than affected households (P < 0.001). Among affected respondents, beliefs about heredity were negatively associated with reported shoe wearing of the index child (odds ratio = 0.67, 95% confidence interval = 0.55-0.83). In both groups, associations of causal beliefs with shoe wearing were moderated by risk perceptions. Interventions aimed at preventing podoconiosis and improving shoe wearing should consider family-oriented education on hereditary susceptibility that targets affected and unaffected families in resource-limited settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association Between Causal Beliefs and Shoe Wearing to Prevent Podoconiosis: A Baseline Study

Ayode

Tora

Farrell

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Lymphoedema patients were found to be predominately female, middle aged and illiterate, which aligns with LF studies elsewhere [28,29], and podoconiosis studies conducted in similar Ethiopian settings [16,46]. Patients predominately had bi-lateral limb lymphoedema, which is largely associated with podoconiosis related lymphoedema [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Quantifying the socio-economic impact of leg lymphoedema on patient caregivers in a lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis co-endemic district of Ethiopia

Caprioli

Martindale

Mengiste³

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundLymphoedema caused by lymphatic filariasis (LF) or podoconiosis can result in physical disability and social exclusion, which is exacerbated by painful acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (ADLA) episodes. These conditions have a significant impact on patients, however, little is known about the indirect effects on their caregivers. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the impact on caregivers for patients with leg lymphoedema in a co-endemic district of Ethiopia. Methodology/Principal findingsA cross-sectional survey of lymphoedema patients and their caregivers was conducted using semi-structured questionnaires in the Southern Nation Nationalities Peoples Region (SNNPR) of Ethiopia. Lymphoedema patient information on clinical severity (mild, moderate, severe), frequency of ADLAs, their socio-demographic characteristics and the identity of main caregiver(s) was collected. Caregiver information on socio-demographic characteristics, types of care provided, their quality of life (QoL) measured across nine domains, and productivity was collected, with key indicators compared in the presence and absence of patients' ADLAs.A total of 73 patients and 76 caregivers were included. Patients were grouped by mild/ moderate (n = 42, 57.5%) or severe (n = 31, 42.5%) lymphoedema, and reported an average of 6.1 (CI± 2.18) and 9.8 (CI± 3.17) ADLAs respectively in the last six months. A total of 48 (65.8%) female and 25 (34.2%) male patients were interviewed. Caregivers were predominately male (n = 45, 59.2%), and spouses formed the largest caregiving group for both female and male patients. PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASESPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | https://doi.org/10.

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“… *Adjusted effect estimate: Molla et al [38] . *Inverted Log [odds ratio] and standard error (SE) from effect estimate of barefoot exposure: Deribe et al [81] and Molla et al [38] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Footwear Use and Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe control of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has primarily focused on preventive chemotherapy and case management. Less attention has been placed on the role of ensuring access to adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene and personal preventive measures in reducing exposure to infection. Our aim was to assess whether footwear use was associated with a lower risk of selected NTDs.MethodologyWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between footwear use and infection or disease for those NTDs for which the route of transmission or occurrence may be through the feet. We included Buruli ulcer, cutaneous larva migrans (CLM), leptospirosis, mycetoma, myiasis, podoconiosis, snakebite, tungiasis, and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, particularly hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, and Popline databases, contacted experts, and hand-searched reference lists for eligible studies. The search was conducted in English without language, publication status, or date restrictions up to January 2014. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported a measure of the association between footwear use and the risk of each NTD. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots. Descriptive study characteristics and methodological quality of the included studies were summarized. For each study outcome, both outcome and exposure data were abstracted and crude and adjusted effect estimates presented. Individual and summary odds ratio (OR) estimates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated as a measure of intervention effect, using random effects meta-analyses.Principal FindingsAmong the 427 studies screened, 53 met our inclusion criteria. Footwear use was significantly associated with a lower odds of infection of Buruli ulcer (OR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.08–0.29), CLM (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06–0.96), tungiasis (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.26–0.70), hookworm infection (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.37–0.61), any STH infection (OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39–0.84), strongyloidiasis (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38–0.83), and leptospirosis (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.37–0.94). No significant association between footwear use and podoconiosis (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.38–1.05) was found and no data were available for mycetoma, myiasis, and snakebite. The main limitations were evidence of heterogeneity and poor study quality inherent to the observational studies included.Conclusions/SignificanceOur results show that footwear use was associated with a lower odds of several different NTDs. Access to footwear should be prioritized alongside existing NTD interventions to ensure a lasting reduction of multiple NTDs and to accelerate their control and elimination.Protocol RegistrationPROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews CRD42012003338

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Individual Correlates of Podoconiosis in Areas of Varying Endemicity: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Association Between Causal Beliefs and Shoe Wearing to Prevent Podoconiosis: A Baseline Study

Association Between Causal Beliefs and Shoe Wearing to Prevent Podoconiosis: A Baseline Study

Quantifying the socio-economic impact of leg lymphoedema on patient caregivers in a lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis co-endemic district of Ethiopia

Association between Footwear Use and Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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