Indian agriculture, air pollution, and public health in the age of COVID

McDonald, Andrew J.; Jat, M.L.; Craufurd, Peter; Hellin, Jon; Hung, Natalee; Keil, Alwin; Kishore, Avinash; Kumar, Vaibhav; McCarty, J. L.; Pearson, P. B.; Samaddar, Arindam; Shyamsundar, Priya; Shirsath, Paresh B.; Sidhu, H.S.; Singh, Aditya; Singh, S. K.; Srivastava, Amit K.; Urban, Edward R.; Malik, R. K.; Gérard, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105064

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is recommended to implement new strategies including provision of certain cash incentives for the farmers not to burn paddy husk due to economic difficulties caused by Covid-19 in India. It is stated that such a strategy is both required for public health and sustainability of the ecosystem and it will contribute to adoption of the sectors to sustainable production technologies and diversification of products (McDonald et al, 2020). In China, municipalities' practices in the form of "shopping basket programs" help to provide vegetable production and vegetable supply to cities (Gu & Wang, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Covid-19 pandemic on agri-food production and farmers

Uğur

Buruklar

2022

Food Sci. Technol

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The Covid-19 pandemic significantly affected agriculture and various industries. This study was conducted to determine the effects of Covid-19 pandemic on agri-food production. The data for this descriptive study were collected from those working in agriculture industry in Konya province of Turkey in between 15/12/2020 and 30/12/2020. These data were collected by a survey form prepared by the researches in line with the existing literature. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was used to analyze the data. In the research area, it was also found out that median educational status was secondary school graduation and generally the incomes exceeded the expenses. 1.3% of the participants were diagnosed with Covid-19. Increase in production costs, price instability and difficulties in working and recruiting workers and shrinkage in markets were frequently mentioned by those dealing with dry farming, irrigated farming and vegetable and fruit growing respectively. As income level increased, the level of those worrying about the harvest and sales, experiencing difficulties in agricultural products and food and having problems for supply of production materials also increased. Governments should take measures to take the sting out of the pandemic and they should develop policies/strategies supporting sustainability of agricultural production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, 1.558.777 Covid-19 cases and 23.664 relevant deaths were stated in Turkey (World Health Organization, 2021). This virus significantly threatens those having cardiovascular and chronical lung diseases and death toll increases day by day (McDonald et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Covid-19 pandemic on agri-food production and farmers

Uğur

Buruklar

2022

Food Sci. Technol

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“…Likewise, the recent finding demonstrates that during the lockdown situation in India, the decline in the concentration level of greenhouse emissions (e.g., NO 2 , CO 2 , and O 3 ) lead to an improvement in the national environment (Kumar ad Gupta, 2020;Sharma et al, 2020;. Perhaps, aside from curtailing COVID-19, the findings provide a clear justification for the Indian government to accelerate efforts to improve the national air quality (McDonald et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

COVID-19 and Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation: Modeling the Impact on Environmental Sustainability and Policies

Mohsin

Naseem

Sarfraz³

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has compelled countries worldwide to enforce stringent measures to maintain social distancing, by locking down populations and restricting all kinds of transport. Besides their impact on the virus, these dramatic changes may also have positively contributed to a sustainable environment. The study aims to measure the effect of COVID-19 on environmental sustainability by employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The study is based on the daily data of COVID-19 confirmed cases; confirmed deaths; manually generated lockdown data by the indexing method; and NO2, NH3, SO2, and CO levels from March 3, 2020, to July 27, 2021. This research study investigates the long- and short-term relationship between COVID-19 and the aforementioned greenhouse gases. The findings suggest conclusively that NO2, SO2, and CO declined during the COVID-19 period in India because these gases are anthropologically emitted by transport, industries, and fossil fuel burning. On the other hand, the evolving NH3 is not related to COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths but is impacted by lockdown because ammonia emission is directly related to agricultural activities. Therefore, a decline in pollutants such as greenhouse gases during the COVID-19 period until July 2021 was observed. This means the prioritized control of human activities can be helpful to enhance the quality of the environment.

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“…The unprecedented spread of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) worldwide in early 2020 forced most of the world to go into a state of lockdown (Karatayev et al, 2020), resulting in a shift in modern lifestyle globally, with a negative response to isolation (Thakur and Jain, 2020) and a positive response to the environment (Muhammad et al, 2020). The revive in the environment is more pronounced over the countries like India, where the ambient air pollution was high and shared a significant burden on health (Balakrishnan et al, 2019;Gautam, 2020;McDonald et al, 2020). The Government of India imposed a lockdown from 24 March -31 May 2020 to combat the COVID-19 spread over the country (https://www.mygov.in/covid-19; Bherwani et al, 2020).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Then and Now: COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown Misfire Atmospheric Methane over India

Hari

Sahu

Sunder

et al. 2022

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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COVID-19 lockdown resulted in the revival of the environment due to reduced emissions of various pollutants globally. In particular, aerosols, NOx and SO2 showed significant reductions at most places. However, the greenhouse gases are not necessarily following this reduction everywhere. In most areas, a decrease in NOx increases methane (CH4) concentration by enhancing the lifetime, but also results in decreased concentrations with reduced emissions.Analyzing the atmospheric CH4 variations during the COVID-19 lockdown over India is crucial as India is one of the regions with high seasonal variability of CH4. The present study has analyzed the tropospheric CH4 trends over India during the pre-monsoon season (March -May) for 2003 -2021 using AIRS data. The study analyzed the lockdown variations (24 March -31 May) of tropospheric CH4 over India with the same period of 2019 and 2021 using TROPOMI to find the changes in CH4 concentrations over different regions of India due to lockdown. Our results capture the undeviating north (low) -south (high) gradient in the CH4 concentration with anticipated regional intensifications, likely, in the eastern and western coastal regions, with more comprehensive details than it ever has been presented before.

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Indian agriculture, air pollution, and public health in the age of COVID

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of Covid-19 pandemic on agri-food production and farmers

Effects of Covid-19 pandemic on agri-food production and farmers

COVID-19 and Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation: Modeling the Impact on Environmental Sustainability and Policies

Then and Now: COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown Misfire Atmospheric Methane over India

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