India: Gender Disparities in Organ Donation and Transplantation

Kute, Vivek; Chauhan, Sanshriti; Navadiya, Vijay; Meshram, Hari Shankar; Patel, Himanshu V.; Engineer, Divyesh; Banerjee, Subho; Desai, Sudep; Shah, Nauka; Rizvi, Jamal; Mishra, Vineet

doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003960

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They form the major donor pool and hardly ever receive an organ. In this study, only 32% of deceased donor kidney transplant recipients were females (48). This disparity is universal (49) but much more pronounced in African and Asian countries with socio-cultural practices, higher economic dependency and higher illiteracy rate in women being the most plausible explanations (50).…”

Section: D: Gender Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 71%

Social, political and legal determinants of kidney health: Perspectives from lower- and middle-income countries with a focus on India

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The social determinants of health (SDoH) are the non-medical factors that influence kidney health outcomes directly or indirectly in a substantial manner and include conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age. Many such challenges in lower- and middle- income countries have an unfavourable impact on kidney health. These conditions potentially influence economic policies and systems, development agendas, social norms, social policies, and political systems. In addition, many political and legal factors also determine and modify the ultimate outcome in patients with kidney disease. Legal factors that ensure universal health care, promote gender and racial equality, prevent malpractices and regulate strict laws in the field of kidney transplantation are the paramount determinants for the provision of necessary kidney care. Converging lines of evidence have supported the impact of social variables such as socioeconomic resources, social inclusion, housing conditions, educational attainment, and financial status on kidney health, particularly affect vulnerable and disadvantaged groups and result in challenges in kidney care delivery. Furthermore, the climate is an important SDoH that plays a crucial role in the occurrence, prevalence, and progression of kidney diseases as highlighted by the presence of higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease in hot tropical countries. The rising incidence of water and vector-borne diseases causing acute kidney injury is another consequence of disruptive environmental and climate change which is detrimental to kidney health. Political risk factors such as conflict also have a devastating influence on kidney health. The relationship between SDoH and kidney health outcomes requires more clarity. Gaps in the current knowledge need to be identified to inform the development of appropriate interventions to address upstream socio-economic risk factors for kidney disease.

show abstract

Section: D: Gender Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 71%

Social, political and legal determinants of kidney health: Perspectives from lower- and middle-income countries with a focus on India

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[10,29] A recent publication by Kute and colleagues of living donor kidney transplants in India found that 71% of donors were female and discussed that key contributors to this disparity are patriarchy, poverty, and the dependence of women on men within the family in their community. [30] Donation patterns could also be affected in part by liver size mismatch. This may explain in part why women in our study experienced increased rates of donation from children and anonymous donors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and racial disparities in living donor liver transplantation in the United States

Duffey

Halegoua-DeMarzio

Shah

et al. 2023

Liver Transplantation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sex and racial disparities in deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) have been described, but this has not been well studied in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). We aim to examine these disparities in the US LDLT population and identify potential predictors of these differences. From 2002 to 2021, the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network database was queried to characterize the adult LDLT population and evaluate differences between LDLT and DDLT recipients with regard to sex and race. Donor demographics, Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD), and socioeconomic data were all included. Of the 4961 LDLT and 99,984 DDLT recipients, males received the majority of LDLT (55% vs. 45%, p < 0.001) and DDLT (67% vs. 33%, p < 0.001) compared to females. There was a significant difference in race between male and female LDLT recipients (p < 0.001); 84% of male recipients were White and 78% of females. In both groups, females had lower levels of education and were less likely to have private insurance. There were more female living donors (N = 2545, 51%); 50% of female donors donated to males but only 40% of males donated to females. Donor-recipient relationships varied significantly by sex (p < 0.001); males received more donations from spouses (62% vs. 39%) and siblings (60% vs. 40%). In the LDLT population, significant disparities exist with respect to sex and race that disadvantage women, but these disparities are less pronounced than in the DDLT population. Although further studies are needed, complex clinical and socioeconomic differences as well as donor factors may explain these variations.

show abstract

“…The main reasons for sex disparities could be the higher incidence of kidney disease in men and fear of losing earnings among men [12]. Sociocultural factors such as patriarchy and socioeconomic dependency of women on men within the family may be key contributors to increasing the number of female living donors in developing countries [13]. In the case of Korea, nuclear families and fewer children could also be a factor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex disparity in dialysis and kidney transplantation over 20 years in Korea

Jeong

Cho

Ahn

et al. 2023

Kidney Res Clin Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Sex disparity is prevalent in organ transplantations worldwide. This study aimed to understand sex disparities in dialysis and kidney transplantation in Korea over the last 20 years. Methods: Data for incident dialysis, waiting list registration, and donors and recipients were retrospectively collected between January 2000 and December 2020 from the Korean Society of Nephrology end-stage renal disease registry and the database of the Korean Network for Organ Sharing. Data regarding the proportion of females for dialysis, waiting list, and kidney transplantation donors or recipients were analyzed using linear regression analysis. Results: The average proportion of females on dialysis over the past 20 years was 40.5%. The proportion of females on dialysis was 42.8% in 2000, and decreased to 38.2% in 2020, showing a decreasing trend. The average proportion of women on the waiting list was 38.4%, which was lower than that for dialysis. The average proportion of female recipients in living donor kidney transplantation and female living donors were 40.1% and 53.2%, respectively. The overall proportion of female donors in living donor kidney transplantation showed an increasing trend. However, there was no change in the proportion of female recipients in living donor kidney transplantation. Conclusion: Sex disparities in organ transplantation exist, including an increasing trend of female donors in living donor kidney transplantation. Further studies are needed to identify the biological and socioeconomic factors involved to resolve these disparities.

show abstract

India: Gender Disparities in Organ Donation and Transplantation

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Social, political and legal determinants of kidney health: Perspectives from lower- and middle-income countries with a focus on India

Social, political and legal determinants of kidney health: Perspectives from lower- and middle-income countries with a focus on India

Sex and racial disparities in living donor liver transplantation in the United States

Sex disparity in dialysis and kidney transplantation over 20 years in Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About