Indentation of glasses

Rouxel, Tanguy; Jang, Jae-il; Ramamurty, Upadrasta

doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100834

Cited by 67 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 283 publications

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“…An increasing CR generally reduces the probability of inflicted critical flaws and ultimately determines the strength of the glass. As an indenter is pressed into a glass, the energy is dissipated either as elastic or plastic deformation; however, if the glass's ability to deform is not sufficient then it will crack [22,60]. Most frequently, glass shows radial and half-penny cracking and depending on the method of CR, the probability of crack initiation can be measured [52].…”

Section: Crack Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The understanding of CR is of high interest. There are many studies trying to elucidate the underlying parameters affecting crack resistance [6,22,52,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. Their purpose is to advance the understanding of glass science and provide the possibility of modeling CR with the aim of developing more crack-initiation-resistant glasses [3,73,74].…”

Section: Crack Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indentation is a powerful tool for investigating mechanical properties through which it is possible to determine the hardness, elastic modulus, and crack-initiation probability [22]. The mechanical properties of glasses have recently received much interest and they are of great importance when designing glasses for specific products [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compositional Effects on Indentation Mechanical Properties of Chemically Strengthened TiO2-Doped Soda Lime Silicate Glasses

Karlsson¹

2022

Materials

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TiO2 is an important oxide for property modifications in the conventional soda lime silicate glass family. It offers interesting optical and mechanical properties, for instance, by substituting heavy metals such as lead in consumer glasses. The compositional effects on the hardness, reduced elastic modulus and crack resistance as determined by indentation of chemically strengthened (CS) TiO2-doped soda lime silicate glass was studied in the current paper. The CS, which was performed by a K+ for Na+ ion exchange in a molten KNO3 salt bath at 450 °C for 15 h, yielded significant changes in the indentation mechanical properties. The hardness of the glass samples increased, and this was notably dependent on the SiO2, CaO and TiO2 content. The reduced elastic modulus was less affected by the CS but showed decrease for most samples. The crack resistance, an important property in many applications where glasses are subjected to contact damage, showed very different behaviors among the series. Only one of the series did significantly improve the crack resistance where low CaO content, high TiO2 content, high molar volume and increased elastic deformation favored an increased crack resistance.

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Section: Crack Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crack Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Compositional Effects on Indentation Mechanical Properties of Chemically Strengthened TiO2-Doped Soda Lime Silicate Glasses

Karlsson¹

2022

Materials

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“…The assumption was made that defect-resistant glasses may be discovered through tailoring the material's ability to (locally) densify or shear (see Section 8); for recent reviews on this subject, see refs. [ [55][56][57]. It is, however, presently unclear to which extent such laboratory experimentation is able to mimic real-world situations of surface damage.…”

Section: Brittleness Intrinsic Strength and Defect Propensity Of Sili...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing the Mechanical Performance of Glasses: Perspectives and Challenges

et al. 2022

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in terms of deciphering structure-property relationships and the nonaffine nature of glass mechanical behavior, of computational and computer-assisted methods for accelerated materials discovery, and of physicochemical insight at glass formation and synthesis in unconventional types of materials. Despite this progress, significant questions remain as to the fundamental role of structural heterogeneity and its consequences for the predictability of mechanical properties underlying the many applications of glass. Today's challenge is to translate new understanding of the physics of disorder, glass chemistry, and surface mechanics into tools that enable future glass products with adapted elasticity, strength, and toughness. We will therefore consider fundamental advances in relation to emerging glass applications. While the aforementioned physical insights have mostly been obtained by computational simulation of model systems, and often through the examination of metallic glasses, we will here focus on glasses suitable for visible transparency, in particular silicate glasses, such as a representative of today's most prolific glass devices, ranging from ultrathin substrates to strong and visually transparent cover materials. We will further consider hybrid glasses and glass-like composite materials as emerging alternatives that may overcome the ubiquitous conflict between strength and toughness. [1] Glasses are materials that lack a crystalline microstructure and long-range atomic order. Instead, they feature heterogeneity and disorder on superstructural scales, which have profound consequences for their elastic response, material strength, fracture toughness, and the characteristics of dynamic fracture. These structure-property relations present a rich field of study in fundamental glass physics and are also becoming increasingly important in the design of modern materials with improved mechanical performance. A first step in this direction involves glass-like materials that retain optical transparency and the haptics of classical glass products, while overcoming the limitations of brittleness. Among these, novel types of oxide glasses, hybrid glasses, phase-separated glasses, and bioinspired glass-polymer composites hold significant promise. Such materials are designed from the bottom-up, building on structure-property relations, modeling of stresses and strains at relevant length scales, and machine learning predictions. Their fabrication requires a more scientifically driven approach to materials design and processing, building on the physics of structural disorder and its consequences for structural rearrangements, defect initiation, and dynamic fracture in response to mechanical load. In this article, a perspective is provided on this highly interdisciplinary field of research in terms of its most recent challenges and opportunities.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202109029.

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“…Figure 27 taken from Rouxel et al 64 shows a composite plot of data pulled together from several authors on crack initiation load (two radial cracks out of 4) for Vickers indentation in a variety of glasses. The plot shows that, in general, the boroaluminosilicate, high-silica silicates, and some sodium borosilicates appear to withstand higher loads before cracking.…”

Section: Less Brittle Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indentation and abrasion in glass products: Lessons learned and yet to be learned

Varshneya

Macrelli²,

Yoshida³

et al. 2022

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Glass has provided many life-changing products over the past millennia to improve the quality of human living. In this "International Year of Glass 2022" paper, we review the applied science and technology of indentation and abrasion damage in glass, highlighting its practical importance for commercial products. We briefly review what has already been learned from the several hundred high-quality publications on this topic. Though glass products have hard surfaces, indents, and abrasion arise upon contact with other glass and materials during manufacturing, transportation, subsequent user handling, and vandalism. The mechanical response of glass to impact is elastic-plastic, which generates several modes of cracks upon indentation. The science of deformations and stress generation is discussed in terms of theories by Hertz, Boussinesq, and Yoffe. The hydrostatic and shear yield strengths of the glass are suggested to be the more important parameters that govern hardness. Commercial opportunities for repairing or reducing damage from indents, particularly using diamond-like carbon coatings, are briefly discussed. Finally, challenges that lie ahead for a sustainable future of the Earth with increased commercial utility of beautiful glass products from increased damage resistance are outlined with emphasis on network topological principles and hard coatings.

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Indentation of glasses

Cited by 67 publications

References 283 publications

Compositional Effects on Indentation Mechanical Properties of Chemically Strengthened TiO2-Doped Soda Lime Silicate Glasses

Compositional Effects on Indentation Mechanical Properties of Chemically Strengthened TiO2-Doped Soda Lime Silicate Glasses

Advancing the Mechanical Performance of Glasses: Perspectives and Challenges

Indentation and abrasion in glass products: Lessons learned and yet to be learned

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