Increased Serum High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Concentration and the Altered Expression of HMGB1 and Its Receptor Advanced Glycation Endproducts in Pemphigus

Li, Jiayi; Lu, Yiming; Zhang, Liwen; Zhou, Peimei; Chen, Tao

doi:10.5021/ad.2017.29.1.121

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Notably, HMGB1 has been well recognized as an important signaling molecule involved in both acute and chronic inflammation process . Its expression was significantly increased in a variety of skin diseases, such as psoriasis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP), pemphigus, and drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) . Due to the similar pharmacological efficacy to corticosteroids but with milder side effects, Glycyrrhizin has been widely utilized in several dermatologic disorders for many years, such as active‐stage generalized vitiligo, psoriasis, alopecia areata, and is also reported to be effective in alleviating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and systemic sclerosis in animal model .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study of oral tranexamic acid and Glycyrrhizin compound in the treatment of recalcitrant Riehl’s melanosis

Xing

Zhang

et al. 2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Summary Background Up till now, there is no standardized and satisfactory treatment strategy for Riehl’s melanosis. Objective In this pilot study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a novel combination therapy with oral administration of tranexamic acid (TA) and Glycyrrhizin compound for recalcitrant Riehl’s melanosis. Methods Ten patients with Riehl’s melanosis were recruited in this study. After elimination of potential contraindication, all patients were treated with 500 mg TA together with 150 mg Glycyrrhizin compound per day orally for 3 months, followed by 500 mg TA per day orally alone for another 3 months. Lesions were imaged by reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), dermatoscopy, and VISIA® Complexion Analysis System monthly. Mexameter was adopted to evaluate Melanin Index (MI) and Erythema Index (EI). Clinical outcome scores were given by both physicians and patients. Results Seven out of ten patients received “marked improvement”, while two received “moderate improvement” and one “minimal improvement” at the final visit. Both mean MI and EI were significantly decreased compared with baselines. Furthermore, RCM and dermatoscopy analyses confirmed the improvement of pigmentation and erythema with decreased pigment granules and telangiectatic vessels. Conclusion Oral administration of TA in combination with Glycyrrhizin compound may be an effective therapy for Asian patients with recalcitrant Riehl’s melanosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study of oral tranexamic acid and Glycyrrhizin compound in the treatment of recalcitrant Riehl’s melanosis

Xing

Zhang

et al. 2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…HMGB1, released by damaged cells can stimulate macrophages and dendritic cells, thus resulting in an activation of T cells. Increased serological concentration, paired with plentiful cytoplasmic overexpression of HMGB1 and its receptor RAGE has been observed in the epidermis of pemphigus patients (47). This results in tissue destruction and unmasking of epidermal structures, thus promoting autoreactivity in the irritated, immunocompromised area (48,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-Associated Pemphigus Vulgaris in a Patient With Preceding Malignancy: Treatment With Rituximab as a Valuable Option

et al. 2020

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Pemphigus is a chronic autoimmune blistering disorder, characterized by (muco-)cutaneous erosions due to autoantibodies against desmoglein 3 and/or 1. Pemphigus induction might be associated with drugs, malignancy or radiation therapy (RT); the latter being only rarely described. A rigorous literature review revealed around 30 cases of RT-associated pemphigus, which had been primarily treated with topical and/or systemic steroids, in some cases also dapsone or few other immunosuppressive agents were given. The most common underlying cancer type was breast cancer. We here present a 63-year-old male patient, who was pre-treated with adjuvant RT for larynx carcinoma 3 months before admission. He developed extensive cutaneous, ocular, and oral erosions. Despite the clinical picture comparable to a paraneoplastic pemphigus, the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris of mucocutaneous type was established based on the direct immunofluorescence, showing positive cell surface IgG and discrete C3 deposits, with matching cell surface IgG pattern on monkey esophagus. Serum autoantibodies to desmoglein 1 and 3 were highly positive. No further autoantibodies were found, thus paraneoplastic pemphigus was excluded. The patient was treated with high dose prednisolone, partially given intravenously up to 2 mg/kg per day, as well as topical disinfectants and class IV steroid cream. To stabilize the disease rituximab 2 × 1,000 mg was given, leading to clinical and serological remission for up to 2 years now. We show that rituximab represents a good treatment option for the frequently treatment-refractory RT-associated pemphigus, a clinically and immunologically specific RT-induced skin disorder, resulting in long-term clinical, and serological remission.

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Alarmins in autoimmune diseases

Danieli

Antonelli

Piga

et al. 2022

Autoimmunity Reviews

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Increased Serum High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Concentration and the Altered Expression of HMGB1 and Its Receptor Advanced Glycation Endproducts in Pemphigus

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

A pilot study of oral tranexamic acid and Glycyrrhizin compound in the treatment of recalcitrant Riehl’s melanosis

A pilot study of oral tranexamic acid and Glycyrrhizin compound in the treatment of recalcitrant Riehl’s melanosis

Radiation-Associated Pemphigus Vulgaris in a Patient With Preceding Malignancy: Treatment With Rituximab as a Valuable Option

Alarmins in autoimmune diseases

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