Increased lung neutrophil apoptosis and inflammation resolution in nonresponding pneumonia

Moret, Inés; Lorenzo, M.J.; Sarriá, Benjamı́n; Cases, Enrique; Morcillo, Esteban J.; Perpiñá, M.; Molina, José Ma; Menéndez, Rosário

doi:10.1183/09031936.00190410

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Studies in mice have shown that survival is associated with a strong inflammatory response early in the course of infection and rapid bacterial clearance [2]. In both mice and humans, regulation of this inflammatory response in pneumonia is dependent on complex interactions between immune cells and pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines [2][3][4].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several cytokines have been studied in relation to severity, aetiology and outcome of CAP [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Although the number of cytokines identified in the immunopathogenesis of CAP has increased considerably over the years, studies remain focused on well-known cytokines of the innate immune response, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-1b and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a. IL-17A and IL-22, which belong to the novel T-helper (Th) 17 subset, have also been implicated in CAP [2,3].…”

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“…Those few reports in which local pulmonary cytokines were investigated generally included severe CAP patients on intensive care unit wards [12,14,18] or patients with treatment failure [4]. Meanwhile, information on local cytokine responses in nonsevere CAP patients is very limited.…”

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Local and systemic cytokine profiles in nonsevere and severe community-acquired pneumonia

et al. 2012

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Local inflammatory responses in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remain insufficiently elucidated, especially in patients with nonsevere CAP. In this study we determined local and systemic cytokine responses in CAP patients and correlated these with disease severity and other clinical parameters.Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1b, tumour necrosis factor-a, interferon (IFN)-c, IL-22, IL-17A and IL-4 were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of 20 CAP patients upon admission and 10 healthy individuals. Systemic cytokine levels were also measured on days 7 and 30.In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of CAP patients, levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IFN-c were significantly increased compared with healthy individuals, but no correlations with disease severity were found. Systemic levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-c were significantly higher in severe CAP patients than in nonsevere CAP patients and healthy individuals. Moreover, these cytokines showed a significant correlation with the pneumonia severity index. In the total group of CAP patients, systemic IL-8 and IL-22 levels were also increased compared with healthy individuals.We therefore conclude that IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-c are important cytokines in CAP, although differences in disease severity upon admission are only reflected by systemic levels of these cytokines.

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Local and systemic cytokine profiles in nonsevere and severe community-acquired pneumonia

et al. 2012

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“…In community-acquired pneumonia and bronchiectasis the delayed apoptotic activity of neutrophils is observed not only in the blood, but also in the sputum and broncho-alveolar lavage [61,66]. The extended lifespan of neutrophils in the locus of infection is an adverse factor contributing to an ineffective removal of pathogens [10,46].…”

Section: Role Of Neutrophil Apoptosis In the Resolution Of Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Neutr Ophils and Their Apoptosis in There Solution of Inflammation

Pavlyshyn¹,

Sarapuk²

2015

PU-HSP

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puls Uczelni 2015 (9) 4Niniejszy materiał jest udostępniony na licencji creative commons -Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 pL.Pełne postanowienia tej licencji są dostępne na: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode Prace poglądowe | Reviews DOI: 10.5604/2081DOI: 10.5604/ -2021 tHe rOLe OF NeUtrOpHiLS AND tHeir ApOptOSiS iN tHe reSOLUtiON OF iNFLAMMAtiONRola granulocytów obojętnochłonnych i ich apoptozy w zwalczaniu stanu zapalnego A -przygotowanie projektu badania | study design, B -zbieranie danych | data collection, C -analiza statystyczna | statistical analysis, D -interpretacja danych | data interpretation, E -przygotowanie maszynopisu | manuscript preparation, F -opracowanie piśmiennictwa | literature search, G -pozyskanie funduszy | funds collection SUMMARY Inflammation, as a part of the body's immune response, is present in the progression of most diseases. Neutrophils form the first line of the defense against invading pathogens and subsequently play a prominent role in the resolution of inflammation.They have a protective function as they release antibacterial enzymes and generate reactive oxygen species. Neutrophils are able to regulate the inflammatory reaction by undergoing apoptosis. Apoptosis, then, facilitates cellular homeostasis ( immune defense), promotes the elimination of activated cells of the immune system, and can act as a major pathogenetic link of an inflammation process, defining its character. This review highlights the mechanisms of apoptosis, the influence of external and internal factors and infectious agents (viruses, extracellular and intracellular microorganisms) on the enactment of neutrophil programmed death and the resolution of inflammation. Keywords: neutrophils, apoptosis, inflammation STRESZCZENIEStan zapalny jako część odpowiedzi immunologicznej organizmu jest patologiczną podstawą większości chorób. Granulocyty obojętnochłonne tworzą pierwszą linię obrony przed inwazją patogenów i odgrywają znaczącą rolę w zwalczaniu stanu zapalnego. Realizują one funkcję ochronną poprzez uwalnianie enzymów przeciwbakteryjnych i wytwarzanie wolnych rodników. Granulocyty obojętnochłonne są w stanie regulować reakcję zapalną poprzez apoptozę. Apoptoza zapewnia homeostazę komórek, ochronę immunologiczną, nasila eliminację aktywowanych komórek układu odpornościowego oraz może stanowić znaczący związek patogenetyczny z procesem zapalnym, określając jego charakter. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na mechanizmy apoptozy, wpływ czynników zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych oraz czynników zakaźnych (wirusy, wewnątrzkomórkowe i zewnątrz-komórkowe mikroorganizmy) na realizację zaprogramowanej śmierci granulocytów obojętnochłonnych i zwalczanie stanu zapalnego.Słowa kluczowe: granulocyty obojętnochłonne, apoptoza, stan zapalny (PU-HSP 2015; 9, 4: 18-25)

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“…[6][7][8] Appropriately producing cytokines in location play a role in inhibition and elimination of primary infection, but an excessive systemic and pulmonary inflammatory response in patients with severe CAP may contribute to injuries to the lung and other organs. This leads to sepsis, lung injury, and ARDS and is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality.…”

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confidence: 99%

Corticosteroid Therapy for Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Meta-Analysis

Cheng¹,

Yang

Gao³

et al. 2013

Respir Care

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BACKGROUND:The debate about the efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is still a longstanding dilemma. We performed a meta-analysis including 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of corticosteroids on the treatment of severe CAP in adults. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished clinical trials. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane (from their establishment to July 2013), were searched for relevant articles. Only RCTs of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in adult patients with severe CAP were selected. RESULTS: Four trials enrolling 264 patients with severe CAP were included. Use of corticosteroids significantly reduced hospital mortality compared with conventional therapy and placebo (Peto odds ratio ‫؍‬ 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.90). The quality of the evidence underlying the pooled estimate of effect on hospital mortality was low, downgraded for inconsistency and imprecision. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the current limited evidence, we suggest that, although corticosteroid therapy may reduce mortality and improve the prognosis of adult patients with severe CAP, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the instability of pooled estimates. Reliable treatment recommendations will be raised only when large sufficiently powered multi-center RCTs are conducted.

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Increased lung neutrophil apoptosis and inflammation resolution in nonresponding pneumonia

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Local and systemic cytokine profiles in nonsevere and severe community-acquired pneumonia

Local and systemic cytokine profiles in nonsevere and severe community-acquired pneumonia

The Role of Neutr Ophils and Their Apoptosis in There Solution of Inflammation

Corticosteroid Therapy for Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Meta-Analysis

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