Increased Levels of LPS-Binding Protein in Bovine Blood and Milk Following Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

Bannerman, Douglas D.; Paape, Max; Hare, W. R.; Sohn, Eun Jung

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(03)73914-9

Cited by 148 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The increases in milk BSA concentrations, which mainly reflect increased permeability of the endothelial and epithelial barriers, were of low amplitude compared to endotoxin-induced mastitis: 3 to 10 mg/mL after intrammammary infusion of E. coli endotoxin [2,46], compared to less than 1 mg/mL in this study. It is noteworthy that 10 g LTA induced a change in BSA similar to that seen in experimental subclinical mastitis [43] and 100 g LTA induced a change in BSA similar to that seen in clinical S. aureus mastitis [4].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Staphylococcus aureuslipoteichoic acid triggers inflammation in the lactating bovine mammary gland

et al. 2008

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-The response of the bovine mammary gland to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which is a major pathogen-associated molecular pattern of Gram-positive bacteria, was investigated by infusing purified Staphylococcus aureus LTA in the lumen of the gland. LTA was able to induce clinical mastitis at the dose of 100 g/quarter, and a subclinical inflammatory response at 10 g/quarter. The induced inflammation was characterized by a prompt and massive influx of neutrophils in milk. LTA proved to induce strongly the secretion of the chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3 and CXCL8, which target mainly neutrophils. The complement-derived chemoattractant C5a was generated in milk only with the highest dose of LTA (100 g). The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 was induced in milk, but there was very little if any TNF-and no IFN-. The re-assessment of CXCL8 concentrations in milk whey of quarters previously challenged with S. aureus, by using an ELISA designed for bovine CXCL8, showed that this chemokine was induced in milk, contradicting previous reports. Overall, S. aureus LTA elicited mammary inflammatory responses that shared several attributes with S. aureus mastitis. Purified LTA looks promising as a convenient tool to investigate the inflammatory and immune responses of the mammary gland to S. aureus. Staphylococcus aureus / mastitis / cattle / lipoteichoic acid / chemokine

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Staphylococcus aureuslipoteichoic acid triggers inflammation in the lactating bovine mammary gland

et al. 2008

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“…The increase paralleled previously reported increases in sCD14 in milk whey in response to LPS using commercially available mAb [3]. In that study, it was also shown that increases in milk neutrophil counts preceded the increase in sCD14.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Membrane CD14 is important for conferring sensitive cellular responses to LPS. LPS induction of cytokine release, particularly TNF-α and IL-1, is probably the central most important event in initiating the acute-phase response to infection [3]. LPS stimulates the cells by ligating specific membrane receptors like CD14 that are important for cytokine release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The production and characterization of anti-bovine CD14 monoclonal antibodies

et al. 2004

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-To characterize further the chemical and biological properties of bovine soluble (bos) CD14, a panel of ten murine monoclonal antibodies (mAb) reactive with recombinant (r) bosCD14 were produced. A sandwich ELISA, using murine mAb and rabbit polyclonal antibodies reactive with rbosCD14 was developed. All the mAb were reactive by ELISA with baculovirus-derived rbosCD14 and they recognized rbosCD14 (40 kDa) by western blot analysis. The mAb also identified by western blot sCD14 (53 and 58 kDa) in milk and blood and sCD14 (47 kDa) in a lysate of macrophages obtained from involuted bovine mammary gland secretions. Analysis by ELISA of whey samples after intramammary injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 µg) revealed increased sCD14 levels between 8 to 48 h after injection. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the mAb bound to macrophages isolated from involuted mammary gland secretions and mouse macrophages but not to swine or horse monocytes. Addition of anti-rbosCD14 mAb to monocytes stimulated with LPS reduced in vitro production of TNF-α. The anti-rbosCD14 antibodies generated in this study will be useful in studying CD14, an accessory molecule that contributes to host innate recognition of bacterial cell wall components in mammary secretions produced during mastitis. CD14 / monoclonal antibodies / ELISA / LPS / mastitis

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“…Of all the clinical cases of bovine mastitis that occur annually, 40% are caused by Gramnegative bacteria [16,46]. A key component of the host immune response to Gramnegative infections is the upregulation of cytokine production [5,39,40]. Most studies have focused on the immunomodulation changes affected by bovine mononuclear cells, and only a few have been conducted on immunomodulation changes affected by bovine PMN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PMN recruitment to the site of infection is further mediated by the upregulation of the chemoattractant IL-8 [40]. The concentration of IL-8 increases rapidly after experimental challenge with either LPS or Escherichia coli, and precedes the increase in milk somatic cells [5,7]. IL-12, which is produced by macrophages and B-lymphocytes in response to LPS, plays a key role in the initiation of both innate and antibodyspecific pro-inflammatory immunity [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulates bovine neutrophil production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12 and IFN-γ

et al. 2007

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-After intramammary infection, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) are the first cells recruited into the mammary gland. Rapid recruitment of and bacterial phagocytosis and killing by PMN are the most effective defenses against establishment of bacterial infection. In addition to their phagocytic and bactericidal properties, PMN may play a key supportive role through secretion of cytokines during the innate immune response. We sought to determine whether bovine PMN produce cytokines in response to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To investigate the effects of LPS on the expression of cytokines secreted by bovine PMN, we measured the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-γ by ELISA after stimulation with different concentrations of LPS, and secretion of IL-8 after co-stimulation with LPS and either TNF-α or IL-1β. Bovine PMN were shown to secrete TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-8 and IFN-γ in response to LPS. Co-incubation of PMN with LPS and TNF-α increased secretion of IL-8 when compared to LPS alone. It was concluded that LPS stimulation up-regulates the secretion of cytokines by bovine PMN, and that co-incubation of LPS with TNF-α had an additive effect on the secretion of IL-8. These data show that bovine PMN, in addition to their phagocytic and bactericidal properties, may play a supportive role in the innate immune response to infection by Gram-negative bacteria through their ability to produce immuno-regulating cytokines.lipopolysaccharide / bovine / neutrophils / cytokines / mastitis

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Increased Levels of LPS-Binding Protein in Bovine Blood and Milk Following Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

Cited by 148 publications

References 75 publications

Staphylococcus aureuslipoteichoic acid triggers inflammation in the lactating bovine mammary gland

Staphylococcus aureuslipoteichoic acid triggers inflammation in the lactating bovine mammary gland

The production and characterization of anti-bovine CD14 monoclonal antibodies

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulates bovine neutrophil production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12 and IFN-γ

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