Increase of LDL susceptibility to oxidation occurring after intense, long duration aerobic exercise

Sánchez-Quesada, José Luís; Homs-Serradesanferm, R.; Serrat-Serrat, J; Serra-Grima, Josep Ricard; González‐Sastre, Francesc; Ordóñez-Llanos, Jordi

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(95)05617-3

Cited by 71 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Its role in the development of atherosclerosis remains unclear, although it has some atherogenic characteristics [27-30, 37, 38], and has been related to increased atherosclerosis risk [32]. Our group previously described an increase of LDL (-) proportion in trained subjects after heavy aerobic exercise [38], possibly as a consequence of increased of free radical production during exercise, in association to enhanced susceptibility to oxidation of the LDL. In the present work, some distinctive features between poorly controlled IDDM patients and the control group or IDDM patients after IIT were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electronegative subform of LDL was isolated from total LDL by chromatography in an anion exchange column (Mono Q 5/5) with a Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) system (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden), as described [37,38], with additional minor modifications in order to shorten the duration of NaCl gradient process. Briefly, LDL was eluted at 1 ml/min for 10 min by a linear gradient of 0-0.1 mol/l NaCl, followed by a multistep gradient procedure: 10-18 min 0.2 mol/l NaCl, 18-24 min 0.3 mol/l NaCl, 24-29 min 1 mol/l NaCl, and 29-35 min 0 mol/l NaCl.…”

Section: Identification Of the Electronegative Ldl Subformmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results were expressed as the percent contribution of each subfraction to the total LDL mass, and the ratio [(LDL1 + LDL2 + LDL3)/(LDL4 + LDL5 + LDL6)] was calculated. According to our previous results [38], we classified LDL subfraction phenotype A when the ratio exceeded 1.8, B when it was below 1.1, and AB when it ranged from 1.1 to 1.8. Thus, we considered small dense LDL particles when predominant density was higher than the cut-off value of 1.036 g/ml, similar to that reported by other authors [41][42][43].…”

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Electronegative low density lipoprotein subform is increased in patients with short-duration IDDM and is closely related to glycaemic control

et al. 1996

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Atherosclerosis is the major cause of death in the diabetic population. Hyperglycaemia per se is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, in spite of the coexistence of other known risk factors, such as hyperlipidaemia and hypertension [1,2]. Elevated concentrations of low density lipoproteins (LDL) are also a major risk factor in the general population [3,4]. However, LDL levels are usually normal in both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) [2,5].It has been postulated that the increased cardiovascular risk for diabetic patients could be related, among other factors, to LDL qualitative modifications such as oxidation and glycation. These modifications impair LDL cellular catabolism, leading to loss of affinity for LDL receptors in fibroblasts, increased accumulation of cholesteryl esters in macrophages, and immunological responses [6,7]. In Diabetologia (1996) Summary We evaluated the effect of improving glycaemic control with intensive insulin therapy on LDL susceptibility to oxidation, electronegative LDL proportion, and LDL subfraction phenotype in a group of 25 patients with short-duration insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); 25 matched healthy control subjects were also studied. LDL susceptibility to oxidation was measured by continuous monitoring of conjugated diene formation. Electronegative LDL was isolated by anion exchange chromatography, and quantified as percentage of total LDL. Six LDL subfractions were isolated by density gradient ultracentrifugation and phenotype A or B classified as the quotient (LDL1-LDL3)/(LDL4-LDL6). Compared to the control group, IDDM subjects with poor glycaemic control showed higher electronegative LDL (19.03 ± 10.09 vs 9.59 ± 2.98 %, p < 0.001), similar LDL subfraction phenotype and lower susceptibility to oxidation (lag phase 45.6 ± 8.8 vs 41.2 ± 4.7 min, p < 0.05). After three months of intensive insulin therapy, HbA 1 c decreased from 10.88 ± 2.43 to 5.69 ± 1.54 % (p < 0.001), and electronegative LDL to 13.84 ± 5.15 % (p < 0.05). No changes in LDL susceptibility to oxidation or LDL subfraction phenotype were observed. Electronegative LDL appeared significantly correlated to HbA 1 c and fructosamine (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) only in poorly controlled IDDM patients. These findings suggest that high electronegative LDL in IDDM subjects is related to the degree of glycaemic control, and could therefore be due to LDL glycation rather than to LDL oxidation or changes in LDL subfraction phenotype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of the Electronegative Ldl Subformmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Electronegative low density lipoprotein subform is increased in patients with short-duration IDDM and is closely related to glycaemic control

et al. 1996

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“…Of note, exercise increases total body oxygen uptake, and acute bouts of exercise increase oxidant stress (10), increasing the susceptibility of plasma LDL to oxidation (46) and increasing conjugated diene formation (47). Furthermore, endothelial shear stress (increased during bouts of exercise) has been shown to stimulate vascular superoxide production (48).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the vascular extracellular superoxide dismutase by nitric oxide and exercise training

et al. 2000

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“…Intense, long duration aerobic exercise increases LDL susceptibility to oxidation [22]. A 10-month exercise program reduces oxidized LDL levels [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Glycemic Control on Plasma Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Levels in Diabetics

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2014

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Abstract:Objective: Increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) glycation in diabetics could facilitate LDL oxidation, which is proatherogenic. I studied plasma oxidized LDL (OxLDL) levels in diabetics and non-diabetics, their relation to glycemic control, and their circadian variations. Methods: OxLDL in diabetics (n=32) and in non-diabetics without coronary artery diseases (n=20) were compared. OxLDL in diabetics (n=24) was measured on Days 2, 3, 4, 8 and the last day of hospitalization. Circadian variation in OxLDL in diabetics (n=18) was also examined. Glycemic control was implemented during hospitalization. Patients: The diabetics were divided into two groups; moderately-controlled (MC) group (HbA1c < 9.0% at admission, n = 15) and poorly-controlled (PC) group (HbA1c ≧ 9.0% at admission, n = 9). Results： In the MC group, OxLDL decreased by 20.8% after glycemic control (p = 0.0139), but not in the PC group. OxLDL is correlated with LDL on Days 3, 4, 8 (r = 0.837, 0.864, 0.801, respectively), TG on Day 8(r = 0.932), and Lp(a) at discharge (r = 0.871). In the PC group, OxLDL was 15.8% higher on the average in the daytime than at night (p = 0.0024). Conclusion： Plasma OxLDL is decreased by glycemic control, particularly in moderately glycemic controlled patients. OxLDL has a circadian variation, particularly in poorly glycemic controlled patients. Long-term glycemic control could reduce the progression of atherosclerosis, by reducing OxLDL levels.

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Increase of LDL susceptibility to oxidation occurring after intense, long duration aerobic exercise

Cited by 71 publications

References 32 publications

Electronegative low density lipoprotein subform is increased in patients with short-duration IDDM and is closely related to glycaemic control

Electronegative low density lipoprotein subform is increased in patients with short-duration IDDM and is closely related to glycaemic control

Regulation of the vascular extracellular superoxide dismutase by nitric oxide and exercise training

Effect of Glycemic Control on Plasma Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Levels in Diabetics

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