Incorporation of methylene blue and nanogold into polyvinyl chloride catheters; a new approach for light-activated disinfection of surfaces

Noimark, Sacha; Dunnill, Charles W.; Kay, Christopher W. M.; Perni, Stefano; Prokopovich, Polina; Ismail, Salim; Wilson, Michael; Parkin, Ivan P.

doi:10.1039/c2jm31987j

Cited by 64 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The increase in antibacterial activity of the CV paint in white light can be explained as follows: upon white light irradiation of CV paint, CV molecules inside the paint are excited to a triplet state via an intersystem crossing from a slightly higher energy, shorter lived excited singlet state. The triplet state dye molecules can undergo one of two photochemical pathways 44 ; quenching by molecular oxygen including the production of singlet oxygen ( 1 O2), or interaction with biomolecules in the vicinity generating radical species. The generated 1 O2 and radical species can initiate multi-site attack on bacteria in the vicinity effecting cell death 55 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies from our group have investigated the application of CV, TBO, and MB dyes to polymers to generate antimicrobial surfaces for use in medical devices including tracheal or urinary catheters and tubes for intravenous drips 54,55 . We have shown that the dyes can be readily impregnated into polymers using a swell-encapsulation-shrink process, and the polymers showed potent photobactericidal activity in white light 44,55 . In addition, incorporation of gold (Au) nanoparticles into a dye impregnated polymer significantly enhanced the photobactericidal effect 54,56 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dyes generate singlet oxygen ( 1 O2) and ROS when they are exposed to the light source 43 , and the 1 O2 and ROS cause adverse effects in bacteria such as loss of membrane integrity, inactivation of enzymes and DNA damage resulting in cell death [44][45][46] . The generation of 1 O2 and ROS is directly related to light intensity 47,48 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White Light-Activated Antimicrobial Paint using Crystal Violet

Hwang

Allan

Parkin

2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Crystal violet (CV) was incorporated into acrylic latex to produce white light activated antimicrobial paint (WLAAP). Measurement of the water contact angle of the WLAAP showed that the water contact angle increased with increasing CV concentration. In a leaching test over 120 h, the amount of CV which leached from the WLAAPs was close to the detection limit (<0.03 %). The WLAAPs were used to coat samples of polyurethane and these showed bactericidal activity against E. coli which is a key causative agent of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). A reduction in the numbers of viable bacteria was observed on the painted coated polyurethane after 6 h in the dark and the bactericidal activity increased with increasing CV concentration (P <0.1). After 6 h of white light exposure, all of coated polyurethanes demonstrated a potent photobactericidal activity and it was statistically confirmed that the WLAAP showed better activity in white light than in the dark (P <0.05). At the highest CV concentration, the numbers of viable bacteria fell below the detection limit (<10 3 CFU/mL) after 6h of white light exposure. The difference in antimicrobial activity between the materials in the light and dark was 0.48 log at CV 250 ppm and it increased by 0.43 log at each increment of CV 250 ppm. The difference was the highest (>1.8 log) at the highest CV concentration (1000 ppm).These WLAAPs are promising candidates for use in healthcare facilities to reduceHAIs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White Light-Activated Antimicrobial Paint using Crystal Violet

Hwang

Allan

Parkin

2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17]29,30 In this paper we have achieved highly significant antibacterial activity without the need for light and without effecting a change in the appearance of the materials. For aesthetic reasons, a material that is not brightly coloured, yet rapidly kills bacteria is more appealing for frequently touched surfaces in and around hospital wards.…”

Section: Acs Applied Materials and Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Our research group has developed new ways to potentially reduce HAIs associated with medical devices, by developing new polymeric materials that can be used as catheter materials and to coat hospital surfaces. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Such materials include silicone rubber, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 polyvinylchloride, polyurethane and polypropylene. 18 These materials can also be used to treat HAIs caused by commonly touched surfaces in hospital wards (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Potent Antibacterial Activity of Copper Embedded into Silicone and Polyurethane

Sehmi

Noimark

Weiner

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A simple, easily up-scalable swell-encapsulation-shrink technique was used to incorporate small 2.5 nm copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) into two widely used medical grade polymers, polyurethane, and silicone, with no significant impact on polymer coloration. Both medical grade polymers with incorporated CuNPs demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against the clinically relevant bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. CuNP-incorporated silicone samples displayed potent antibacterial activity against both bacteria within 6 h. CuNP-incorporated polyurethane exhibited more efficacious antimicrobial activity, resulting in a 99.9% reduction in the numbers of both bacteria within just 2 h. With the high prevalence of hospital-acquired infections, the use of antimicrobial materials such as these CuNP-incorporated polymers could contribute to reducing microbial contamination associated with frequently touched surfaces in and around hospital wards (e.g., bed rails, overbed tables, push plates, etc.).

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Dual‐Mechanism Antimicrobial Polymer–ZnO Nanoparticle and Crystal Violet‐Encapsulated Silicone

Noimark

Weiner

Noor

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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The prevalence of healthcare-associated infection caused by multidrugresistant bacteria is of critical concern worldwide. It is reported on the development of a bactericidal surface prepared by use of a simple, upscalable, two-step dipping strategy to incorporate crystal violet and di(octyl)-phosphinic-acid-capped zinc oxide nanoparticles into medical grade silicone, as a strategy to reduce the risk of infection. The material is characterized by UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confi rmed the incorporation of the ZnO nanoparticles in the polymer. The novel system proves to be a highly versatile bactericidal material when tested against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , key causative micro-organisms for hospitalacquired infection (HAI). Potent antimicrobial activity is noted under dark conditions, with a signifi cant enhancement exhibits when the surfaces are illuminated with a standard hospital light source. This polymer has the potential to decrease the risk of HAI, by killing bacteria in contact with the surface.

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Incorporation of methylene blue and nanogold into polyvinyl chloride catheters; a new approach for light-activated disinfection of surfaces

Cited by 64 publications

References 36 publications

White Light-Activated Antimicrobial Paint using Crystal Violet

White Light-Activated Antimicrobial Paint using Crystal Violet

Potent Antibacterial Activity of Copper Embedded into Silicone and Polyurethane

Dual‐Mechanism Antimicrobial Polymer–ZnO Nanoparticle and Crystal Violet‐Encapsulated Silicone

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