Incidence Trends of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in the United States

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS:Although multiple studies have reported an increasing incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) over the past decades, there are limited national data on recent trends. Using a population-based registry, we evaluated GEP-NET incidence trends in the United States population from 1975 through 2012, based on age, calendar year at diagnosis, and year of birth. METHODS:GEP-NET cases from 1975 through 2012 were identified from the most recent version of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry using histologic and site codes. We calculated overall annual incidence, age-adjusted incidence (number of cases per 100,000), annual percent change (APC), and average APC by 5-year age intervals. We also evaluated the incidence rates by age, period, and birth year cohorts. RESULTS:We identified 22,744 patients with GEP-NETs. In adults 25-39 years old, GEP-NET incidence rates decreased from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, then increased until 2012. In adults ages 40 years and older or young adults ages 15-24 years, incidence rates generally increased continuously from 1975 through 2012. Adults ages 40-69 years had the most rapid increases in average APC (approximately 4%-6% per year). Overall incidence rates were highest in adults 70-84 years old. Since the inception of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, GEP-NET incidence has increased in consecutive birth cohorts. CONCLUSION:The incidence of GEP-NET continues to increase-particularly in older adults. More recent generations have had higher GEP-NET incidence rates than more distant generations.

Clinicopathological features and survival for gallbladder NEN: a population-based study

“…NEN can be found in various tissues and organs throughout the body, with the highest incidence in gastroenteropancreatic sites, followed by the lungs (1). The incidence of gastroenteropancreatic NEN (GEP-NEN) continues to increase especially in older adults of 78–84 years of age, with an incidence rate of 3.56 per 100,000 (1, 3). As a result of improvements in therapies, increased overall survival was found in patients with a distant stage of GEP-NEN (1).…”

Tumor-infiltrating platelets predict postoperative recurrence and survival in resectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor

“…Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) is the second most common malignancy among all pancreatic tumors, and its incidence has been increasing over the years[1]. Surgery remains the preferred treatment for pNET[2,3].…”

Racial/Ethnic Disparities and Survival Characteristics in Non-Pancreatic Gastrointestinal Tract Neuroendocrine Tumors

“…The worldwide burden of neuroendocrine tumors, and more specifically gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors, has increased over the last several decades due to increased use of diagnostic and screening studies (endoscopy, computer tomography, etc. ), immunohistochemical sensitivity, and awareness in physicians [ 6 , 7 ]. According to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), the incidence rate of neuroendocrine tumors has increased from 1.09/100,000 to 6.9/100,000 [ 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], and the small intestine and rectal neuroendocrine tumors incidence rate has risen more than other gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors [ 11 ].…”

“…), immunohistochemical sensitivity, and awareness in physicians [ 6 , 7 ]. According to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), the incidence rate of neuroendocrine tumors has increased from 1.09/100,000 to 6.9/100,000 [ 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], and the small intestine and rectal neuroendocrine tumors incidence rate has risen more than other gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors [ 11 ]. Besides the increased usage of diagnostic tests, other risk factors associated with the development of gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors include diet, environmental exposures, and use of profound acid suppression by proton pump inhibitors [ 12 ].…”