Incidence of Type 2 diabetes in the elderly German population and the effect of clinical and lifestyle risk factors: KORA S4/F4 cohort study

Rathmann, Wolfgang; Straßburger, Klaus; Heier, Margit; Holle, Rolf; Thorand, Barbara; Giani, Guido; Meisinger, Christa

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02863.x

Cited by 162 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Knowing that forms of prediabetes, like IFG and IGT, carry an increased risk of type 2 diabetes [20], this study not only investigated associations for age at menarche with diabetes, but also examined prediabetes to improve knowledge about populations at risk. The Rancho Bernardo Study, to our knowledge the only study besides this work to examine abnormal glucose tolerance by administration of an OGTT, found no association between age at menarche and abnormal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes in 997 women aged 50-92 years [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the S4 baseline study, a total sample of 6,640 participants was drawn from the target population consisting of all German residents in the region aged 25-74 years. The study design, sampling method and data collection have been described in detail elsewhere [20,21].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, all study participants underwent a standardised medical examination. All measurement procedures have been described in detail elsewhere [2,20,21]. Anthropometric measurements were taken after the participants had removed their shoes, heavy clothing and belts.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

et al. 2011

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Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to examine the association between age at menarche and prediabetes as well as diabetes, considering confounding factors and the possible mediating role of adult obesity.Methods This cross-sectional study analysed data on 1,503 women aged 32-81 years from the German populationbased KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg, South Germany) F4 Study (2006)(2007)(2008). Data were collected by standardised interviews, physical examinations, and whole blood and serum measurements, including administration of an OGTT in non-diabetic participants. Results Of the 1,503 women, 226 showed a prediabetic state (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) and 140 persons had diabetes (45 participants with previously undiagnosed diabetes and 95 with known diabetes). In Poisson regression analysis, age at menarche was significantly inversely associated with prediabetes or diabetes after adjustment for year of birth (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94, p<0.0001 per additional year of menarche) and after additional adjustment for a number of confounding factors (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83, 0.94, p00.0001). Further adjustment for current BMI slightly attenuated the association with prediabetes or diabetes (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83, 0.95, p00.0009), but the association remained clearly significant. Conclusions/interpretation Age at menarche seems to be inversely associated with prediabetes and diabetes independent of confounding factors including current BMI. Women at risk for diabetes might be identified by a history of young age at menarche.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

et al. 2011

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“…Assessment of anthropometric, metabolic and lifestyle variables Height, weight and waist circumference were measured according to standardised protocols [19,20]. Trained medical interviewers collected information on the medical history and lifestyle factors of participants, including physical activity, smoking behaviour and alcohol consumption in both surveys [19,20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trained medical interviewers collected information on the medical history and lifestyle factors of participants, including physical activity, smoking behaviour and alcohol consumption in both surveys [19,20]. Study participants were designated 'physically active' if they engaged in ≥1 h of leisure time physical activity per week in both summer and winter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of subclinical inflammation with deterioration of glycaemia before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: the KORA S4/F4 study

et al. 2015

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Aims/hypothesis The role of biomarkers of subclinical inflammation in the early deterioration of glycaemia before type 2 diabetes is largely unknown. We hypothesised that increased levels of circulating proinflammatory biomarkers and decreased circulating adiponectin would be associated with 7 year increases of HbA 1c in non-diabetic individuals. Methods This study was based on individuals who participated in the prospective Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) S4 survey (1999)(2000)(2001) and the 7 year follow-up KORA F4 (2006-2008) survey. Individuals with type 2 diabetes at baseline or with a diagnosis of diabetes in the period between both surveys were excluded, which left a sample of 850 men and women. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to assess associations among baseline values of leucocyte count and levels of acute-phase proteins (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], serum amyloid A [SAA] and fibrinogen), IL-6 and adiponectin with changes in HbA 1c between baseline and follow-up. Results A high leucocyte count and high hsCRP, SAA and IL-6 levels were positively associated with changes in HbA 1c after adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle factors and baseline HbA 1c . In contrast, the adiponectin level was inversely associated with changes in HbA 1c (p value between <0.0001 and 0.020). The associations of leucocyte count and levels of hsCRP and SAA with HbA 1c changes remained significant after additional adjustment for waist circumference and circulating lipids at baseline and for the 7 year change in waist circumference (p value between 0.004 and 0.045).Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3679-4) contains peer-reviewed but unedited supplementary material, which is available to authorised users. Conclusions/interpretation An elevated leucocyte count and elevated hsCRP and SAA were associated with early deterioration of glycaemia before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. These associations were largely independent of baseline abdominal adiposity and increases in waist circumference.

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Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with intermediate hyperglycaemia

Richter

Hemmingsen

Metzendorf

et al. 2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

145

161

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Incidence of Type 2 diabetes in the elderly German population and the effect of clinical and lifestyle risk factors: KORA S4/F4 cohort study

Cited by 162 publications

References 24 publications

Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

Association of subclinical inflammation with deterioration of glycaemia before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: the KORA S4/F4 study

Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with intermediate hyperglycaemia

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