Incidence of the Parasitic Isopod, Olencira praegustator, in Juvenile Atlantic Menhaden

Kroger, Richard L.; Guthrie, James F.

doi:10.2307/1442505

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The degree of negative effects imparted by the cymothoids depend on the species and also its location on the host (Trilles 1994). Apart from causing branchial damage (Kroger and Guthrie 1972), deleterious impacts of branchial cymothoids were also reflected on the pericardium, heart, and respiratory metabolism (Trilles 1994).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branchial cymothoids infesting the marine food fishes of Malabar coast

Aneesh¹,

Kottarathil²,

Kappalli³

2015

J Parasit Dis

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Occurrence of cymothoid isopods parasitizing the branchial chamber of marine food fishes along the Malabar coast was investigated. Live and fresh fishes collected from the Ayyikkara fish landing center (Lat. 11°51 0 N, Long. 75°22 0 E; Malabar coast, India) were subjected to the thorough observation for the presence of branchial cymothoids for 3 consecutive years (November 2009-November 2012. Among the recovered cymothoids, 11 species were branchial residents belonging to 6 genera; the species include Agarna malayi, Catoessa gruneri, C. boscii, Joryma hilsae, J. brachysoma, J. engraulidis, J. sawayah, Mothocya collettei, M. renardi, Norileca indica and Ryukyua circularis; highest prevalence being exhibited by two species of Mothocya, (M. renardi and M. collettei) parasitizing the belonidaen fishes, Strongylura leiura (92.15 %) and Tylosurus crocodilus crocodilus (87.2 %) respectively. Except Mothocya species, which preferred the branchial floor for infestation, all recovered branchial cymothoids were found attached the inner wall of the operculum. In several instances, the parasites appeared in malefemale pairs, one in each branchial cavity. Ovigerous female members of all species of branchial cymothoids except R. circularis showed remarkable bending either towards left or right depending on whether they are located in right or left branchial cavity of their respective host fishes. The deleterious effects of parasitization by all recovered branchial cymothoids include the formation of a pit like depression in the branchial chamber and atrophy of the gill filament; the damage was more pronounced in the gill cavity of parasitized host fishes where the ovigerous female member was accommodated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branchial cymothoids infesting the marine food fishes of Malabar coast

Aneesh¹,

Kottarathil²,

Kappalli³

2015

J Parasit Dis

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“…The abundance of each fish species in a stomach was determined by summing the number of intact fish and half the number of free otoliths. Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) possess delicate otoliths, but they have high rates of parasitism, up to 46%, by the isopod Olencira praegustator (Kroger andGuthrie 1972, Lindsay andMoran 1976). During trawl surveys in North Carolina's Neuse River estuary, 0. praegtlstator was found to parasitize only menhaden and no more than one isopod was found in each fish (Eby4; D. Gannon, unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diets of Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins From the U. S. Mid‐atlantic Coast Differ by Habitat

Gannon¹,

Waples²

2004

Marine Mammal Science

101

102

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We recorded 31 species in the stomachs of 146 coastal bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from North Carolina, U. S. A. Sciaenid fishes were the most common prey (frequency of occurrence = 95%). By mass, Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) dominated the diet of dolphins that stranded inside estuaries, whereas weakfish (Cynosicon regalis) was most important for dolphins in the ocean. Inshore squid (Loligo sp.) was eaten commonly by dolphins in the ocean, but not by those in the estuaries. There was no significant pattern in prey size associated with dolphin demography, but the proportion of the diet represented by croaker was higher for males than for females, and mature dolphins ate more croaker than did juveniles. Dietary differences between dolphins that stranded in the estuaries and those that stranded on ocean beaches support the hypothesis that some members of the population inhabit the ocean primarily while others reside principally in estuaries. The overwhelming majority of prey were soniferous species (75% of numerical abundance), which is consistent with the hypothesis that bottlenose dolphins use passive listening to locate noise‐making fishes. However, spatiotemporal patterns in consumption of Sciaenid fishes did not coincide with their spawning, which is when peak sound production is thought to occur.

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“…In some field studies, fish parasitised with isopods have been found to suffer from reduced condition index and growth (Krykhtin 1951, Kroger & Guthrie 1972, Sadzikowski & Wallace 1974, Lanzing & O'Connor 1975, Romestand & Trilles 1979, Adlard & Lester 1994, impaired reproduction and a reduced lifespan (Adlard & Lester 1994). Several studies have found no harmful effects on the host fish (Weinstein & Heck 1977, Maxwell 1982, Chang 1999.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic isopod Anilocra apogonae, a drag for the cardinal fish Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus

Östlund‐Nilsson¹,

Curtis²,

Nilsson

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Cymothoid isopods Anilocra apogonae are regular ectoparasites of the cardinal fish Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus on the Great Barrier Reef. To determine whether this large isopod, attached to the head of the fish, affects the physiology and behaviour of its host, we conducted morphological measurements to obtain a condition index and several laboratory experiments on fish with and without isopods. The condition index did not vary between parasitised and non-parasitised wild fish. However, we found that parasitised fish lost more weight than unparasitised fish when fed a low food ration. Parasitised fish also had a higher rate of oxygen consumption than non-parasitised fish. When maintaining body posture in calm water, parasitised fish had an elevated pectoral fin beat frequency, probably because the isopod attaches asymmetrically, causing an asymmetrical weight balance for which the fish needs to compensate. Moreover, the sustained aerobic swimming speed as well as the swimming endurance at high water speeds were reduced in parasitised fish, possibly because of the drag from the parasite. The results suggest that parasites can have significant effects on fish even if this is not revealed by their body condition index in the wild. The metabolic effects found imply that parasitised fish may have to spend more time foraging to compensate for their higher metabolism. This could expose them to a higher risk of being eaten, a situation made worse by an impaired swimming ability that may reduce their capacity to escape a predator.

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Incidence of the Parasitic Isopod, Olencira praegustator, in Juvenile Atlantic Menhaden

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Branchial cymothoids infesting the marine food fishes of Malabar coast

Branchial cymothoids infesting the marine food fishes of Malabar coast

Diets of Coastal Bottlenose Dolphins From the U. S. Mid‐atlantic Coast Differ by Habitat

Parasitic isopod Anilocra apogonae, a drag for the cardinal fish Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus

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