Incidence of cytomegalovirus infection among the general population and pregnant women in the United States

Colugnati, Fernando Antônio Basile; Staras, Stephanie A. S.; Dollard, Sheila C.; Cannon, Michael J.

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-7-71

Cited by 261 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…CMV is more common among socially disadvantaged groups and nonwhite minorities [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. We have recently conducted geospatial analyses demonstrating that CMV seropositivity, including among pregnant women, significantly clusters in poor urban neighborhoods with large minority populations in North Carolina [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Disadvantage is Associated with High Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence in Pregnancy

Lantos

Hoffman

Permar

et al. 2017

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common infectious cause of fetal malformations and childhood hearing loss. CMV is more common among socially disadvantaged groups, and geographically clusters in poor communities. The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is a neighborhood-level index derived from census data that reflects material disadvantage. Methods We performed a geospatial analysis to determine if ADI predicts the local odds of CMV seropositivity. We analyzed a dataset of 3527 women who had been tested for CMV antibodies during pregnancy. We used generalized additive models to analyze the spatial distribution of CMV seropositivity. Adjusted models included individual-level age and race and neighborhood-level ADI.Results Our dataset included 1955 CMV seropositive women, 1549 who were seronegative, and 23 with recent CMV infection based on low avidity CMV antibodies. High ADI percentiles, representing greater neighborhood poverty, were significantly associated with the nonwhite race (48 vs. 22, p < 0.001) and CMV seropositivity (39 vs. 28, p < 0.001). Our unadjusted spatial models identified clustering of high CMV odds in poor, urban neighborhoods and clustering of low CMV odds in more affluent suburbs (local odds ratio 0.41 to 1.90). Adjustment for both individual race and neighborhood ADI largely eliminated this spatial variability. ADI remained a significant predictor of local CMV seroprevalence even after adjusting for individual race. Conclusions Neighborhood-level poverty as measured by the ADI is a race-independent predictor of local CMV seroprevalence among pregnant women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Disadvantage is Associated with High Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence in Pregnancy

Lantos

Hoffman

Permar

et al. 2017

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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“…Primary infection during pregnancy is a leading cause of hearing loss, vision loss, and mental retardation among congenitally infected children (13). Although infection with CMV often passes undiagnosed because of its asymptomatic properties, the virus remains persistent in the host's cells for life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Racial/ethnic differences in infection status for CMV have been described in the U.S. adjusting for socioeconomic status (12,13). Age-adjusted seroprevalence rates for CMV were found to be 81.7% for Mexican Americans, 75.8% for non-Hispanic Blacks, and 51.2% for non-Hispanic Whites (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic disparities in the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in the US population: NHANES III

2008

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SummaryThere is a strong relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health outcomes in the U.S, though the mechanisms are poorly understood. Increasing evidence points to links between lifelong exposure to infectious disease and subsequent chronic disease. Exposure and susceptibility to infections may be one way SES affects long-term health, though little populationbased research to date has examined social patterning of infections in the U.S. This paper tests the relationship between income, education, race/ethnicity and seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection at different ages in a representative sample of the U.S. population, and tests potential mediators for these relationships. The study finds significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in CMV seroprevalence beginning at early ages and persisting into middle age. Potential exposures do not explain the relationship between socioeconomic status and CMV positivity. Because reactivation of latent CMV infections may contribute to chronic disease and immune decline later in life, future research should determine the exposure or susceptibility pathways responsible for these disparities in the prevalence of CMV infection.

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“…The epidemiology and pathogenesis of CMV infections among the people of the USA and particularly among pregnant women have been intensely studied over the last three decades [1,2]. We know that a primary CMV infection during pregnancy is a frequent and serious threat to the fetuses of pregnant women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among women of child-bearing age between 40% and 80% will be susceptible (seronegative) to CMV at the beginning of pregnancy. The rate of susceptibility at the beginning of pregnancy varies by ethnic or racial group with highest rates occurring among African-American and Hispanic populations [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for cytomegalovirus during pregnancy

Adler

Nigro

Pereira

2010

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The epidemiology and pathogenesis of CMV infections among pregnant women have been intensely studied over the last three decades. This paper highlights recent developments that make either universal or limited serologic screening for CMV during pregnancy potentially attractive. The developments include an understanding of the pathogenesis of CMV infections, a knowledge of high-risk women, the availability of accurate methods for the serologic diagnosis of a primary CMV infection using either single or serial blood samples, accurate methods for the diagnosis of fetal infection via amniotic fluid, sensitive fetal and placental indicators for neonatal outcomes, and the availability of potentially effective interventions.

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Incidence of cytomegalovirus infection among the general population and pregnant women in the United States

Cited by 261 publications

References 31 publications

Neighborhood Disadvantage is Associated with High Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence in Pregnancy

Neighborhood Disadvantage is Associated with High Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence in Pregnancy

Socioeconomic disparities in the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in the US population: NHANES III

Screening for cytomegalovirus during pregnancy

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