In vivo studies on possible adverse effects on reproduction of the fungicide methyl thiophanate

Genotoxic effects of the fungicide thiophanate-methyl on Podarcis sicula assessed by micronucleus test, comet assay and chromosome analysis

“…While early research (Makita et al 1973;Barale et al 1993;Traina et al 1998) tended to underestimate the in vivo and in vitro mutagenic action of TM, recently its genotoxic effect has been recognized to be greater than previously realized (Bolognesi 2003;Saquib et al 2009). In vivo data obtained through biochemical and histological approaches have clearly demonstrated a time-dependent effect of TM exposure on adrenal and thyroid hormone levels in P. sicula, highlighting its ability to affect hormone synthesis and secretion in vivo Sciarrillo et al 2008).…”

Risk Assessment Arising from the Exposure of Terrestrial Vertebrates to Soil Contamination: Learning from Field Lizards of the Podarcis Genus

“…In target organisms, once absorbed, it interferes with microtubule function, impairing tubulin polymerization during cell division, thus affecting fungal growth [ 79 ]. In animals, ingested Mt is well distributed throughout the body and is metabolized to benzimidazole compounds, including carbendazim (methyl-2-benzimid- azole carbamate), a well-known reproductive toxicant [ 79 , 80 ]. Data on the toxic effects of Mt on non-target organisms are conflicting; some works highlighted the low toxicity of the fungicide even at high doses, while others demonstrated a certain toxicity of Mt, suggesting an endocrine-disrupting effect [ 81 ].…”

Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology of Pesticides

“…Pregnant CD rat dams administered orally the limit dose of 650 mg kg -1 body weight day -1 during the preimplantation (gestational day or GD 2-5) or peri-implantation (GD 6-9) phase showed maternal toxicity, with only marginal reductions of the growth of embryos and adnexa (Traina et al, 1998) Pentachlorophenol Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is used primarily as a wood preservative. Pregnant CD rat dams administered orally the limit dose of 650 mg kg -1 body weight day -1 during the preimplantation (gestational day or GD 2-5) or peri-implantation (GD 6-9) phase showed maternal toxicity, with only marginal reductions of the growth of embryos and adnexa (Traina et al, 1998) Pentachlorophenol Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is used primarily as a wood preservative.…”