Magn Reson Mater Phy

2009

DOI: 10.1007/s10334-008-0160-0

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In vivo comparison of atherosclerotic plaque progression with vessel wall strain and blood flow velocity in apoE−/− mice with MR microscopy at 17.6 T

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Jeremy Wellen²,

Christian H. Ziener

³

et al.

Abstract: This study has demonstrated the application of high-field MRI for characterizing the temporal progression of morphological and mechanical changes to murine aortic vasculature associated with atherosclerotic lesion development.

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Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…26,27 A recent study from our group indicated that the change in cross-sectional vessel area during systole, a parameter related to vascular elasticity, is already impaired in the early stages of atherosclerosis. 28 The systolic cross-sectional change in vessel area, however, is not an independent parameter of vascular elasticity because it depends on cardiac output. In the presented study, therefore, we assessed the local PWV, which is quantitatively related to the vessel wall elasticity by the Moens-Korteweg equation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Arterial Stiffening Assessed by MRI Precedes Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation

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²

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et al. 2013

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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) mice, which spontaneously develop atherosclerotic lesions of morphology similar to those observed in humans. 11,12 Local PWV and vessel wall thickness were evaluated by timeresolved flow and morphology measurement using ultrahighfield MR microscopy at 17.6 T. In addition, we performed histological examinations to investigate structural changes of the vessel wall at the time of imaging.Background-Atherosclerosis is known to impair vascular function and cause vascular stiffening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential predictive role of vascular stiffening in the early detection of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the time course of early functional and morphological alterations of the vessel wall in a murine atherosclerosis model. Because initial lesions are distributed inhomogeneously in early-stage atherosclerosis, MR microscopy was performed to measure vascular elasticity locally, specifically the local pulse wave velocity and the arterial wall thickness. Methods and Results-Local pulse wave velocity and the mean arterial wall thickness were determined in the ascending and the abdominal aortae of ApoE −/− and wild-type mice. In vivo MRI revealed that baseline pulse wave velocity and morphology were similar in 6-week-old ApoE −/− and WT mice, whereas at the age of 18 weeks, local pulse wave velocity was significantly elevated in ApoE −/− mice. Significantly increased vessel wall thickness was not found in ApoE −/− mice until the age of 30 weeks. Histological analysis of the aortae of ApoE −/− and WT mice showed that increased pulse wave velocity coincided with the fragmentation of the elastic laminae in the arterial wall, which is hypothesized to induce early vascular stiffening and may be promoted by macrophage-mediated matrix degradation. Conclusions-We

“…26,27 A recent study from our group indicated that the change in cross-sectional vessel area during systole, a parameter related to vascular elasticity, is already impaired in the early stages of atherosclerosis. 28 The systolic cross-sectional change in vessel area, however, is not an independent parameter of vascular elasticity because it depends on cardiac output. In the presented study, therefore, we assessed the local PWV, which is quantitatively related to the vessel wall elasticity by the Moens-Korteweg equation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Arterial Stiffening Assessed by MRI Precedes Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2013

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

) mice, which spontaneously develop atherosclerotic lesions of morphology similar to those observed in humans. 11,12 Local PWV and vessel wall thickness were evaluated by timeresolved flow and morphology measurement using ultrahighfield MR microscopy at 17.6 T. In addition, we performed histological examinations to investigate structural changes of the vessel wall at the time of imaging.Background-Atherosclerosis is known to impair vascular function and cause vascular stiffening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential predictive role of vascular stiffening in the early detection of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the time course of early functional and morphological alterations of the vessel wall in a murine atherosclerosis model. Because initial lesions are distributed inhomogeneously in early-stage atherosclerosis, MR microscopy was performed to measure vascular elasticity locally, specifically the local pulse wave velocity and the arterial wall thickness. Methods and Results-Local pulse wave velocity and the mean arterial wall thickness were determined in the ascending and the abdominal aortae of ApoE −/− and wild-type mice. In vivo MRI revealed that baseline pulse wave velocity and morphology were similar in 6-week-old ApoE −/− and WT mice, whereas at the age of 18 weeks, local pulse wave velocity was significantly elevated in ApoE −/− mice. Significantly increased vessel wall thickness was not found in ApoE −/− mice until the age of 30 weeks. Histological analysis of the aortae of ApoE −/− and WT mice showed that increased pulse wave velocity coincided with the fragmentation of the elastic laminae in the arterial wall, which is hypothesized to induce early vascular stiffening and may be promoted by macrophage-mediated matrix degradation. Conclusions-We

“…The protocols presented here are not exclusively suitable for imaging the carotid arteries. They can be straightforwardly translated to study the role of flow and wall shear stress in the aortic arch and the abdominal aorta [26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI-determined carotid artery flow velocities and wall shear stress in a mouse model of vulnerable and stable atherosclerotic plaque

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et al. 2010

Magn Reson Mater Phy

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Objectives We report here on the pre-clinical MRI characterization of an apoE−/− mouse model of stable and vulnerable carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques, which were induced by a tapered restriction (cast) around the artery. Specific focus was on the quantification of the wall shear stress, which is considered a key player in the development of the plaque phenotype. Materials and methods In vivo MRI was performed at 9.4 T. The protocol consisted of time-of-flight angiography, highresolution T1-and T2-weighted black-blood imaging and phase-contrast flow velocity imaging as function of time in the cardiac cycle. Wall shear stress was determined by fitting the flow profile to a quadratic polynomial. Results Time-of-flight angiography confirmed preservation of blood flow through the carotid arteries in all cases. T1-and T2-weighted MRI resulted in high-resolution images in which the position of the cast, luminal narrowing introduced by cast and plaque, as well as the arterial wall could be well identified. Laminar flow with low wall shear stress (11.2 ± 5.2 Pa) was measured upstream to the cast at the position of the vulnerable plaque. Downstream to the cast at the position of the stable plaque, the apparent velocities were low, which Conclusions Flow velocities and wall shear stress were successfully measured in this mouse model of stable and unstable plaque. The presented tools can be used to provide valuable insights in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

“…In the past, CMR systems did not provide a sufficient SNR to allow for accurate PWV measurements in mice. New high-field CMR systems facilitate a very high SNR and allow for examinations of morphologic and also functional parameters of the arterial system of mice [21,22]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional in vivo transit time measurements of aortic pulse wave velocity in mice with high-field CMR at 17.6 Tesla

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²

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et al. 2010

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

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BackgroundTransgenic mouse models are increasingly used to study the pathophysiology of human cardiovascular diseases. The aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indirect measure for vascular stiffness and a marker for cardiovascular risk.ResultsThis study presents a cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) transit time (TT) method that allows the determination of the PWV in the descending murine aorta by analyzing blood flow waveforms. Systolic flow pulses were recorded with a temporal resolution of 1 ms applying phase velocity encoding. In a first step, the CMR method was validated by pressure waveform measurements on a pulsatile elastic vessel phantom. In a second step, the CMR method was applied to measure PWVs in a group of five eight-month-old apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice and an age matched group of four C57Bl/6J mice. The ApoE(-/-) group had a higher mean PWV (PWV = 3.0 ± 0.6 m/s) than the C57Bl/6J group (PWV = 2.4 ± 0.4 m/s). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.014).ConclusionsThe findings of this study demonstrate that high field CMR is applicable to non-invasively determine and distinguish PWVs in the arterial system of healthy and diseased groups of mice.

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