In Vitro Rearing of the Endoparasitic Wasp, Trichogramma pretiosum1,3

Hoffman, James C.; Ignoffo, Carlo M.; Dickerson, W. A.

doi:10.1093/aesa/68.2.335

Cited by 53 publications

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“…However, with rare exception parasitoids have been reared on chemically undefined media which have been developed through a process of trial and error, and with a minimum knowledge of parasitoid development in its natural host (Greany, 1986;Thompson, 1986). As with the current study, even though parasitoids have been reared to adulthood, it is usually not with the success achieved with natural hosts (Boul6treau, 1972; Hoffman et al, 1974;Nettles et al, 1980;Thompson, 1981;. For example, several egg parasitoids of Lepidoptera, including T. heliothidis of the current study, have been reared on diets of similar composition (Liu et al, 1979;Ding et al, 1980;Wu et al, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In vitro culture of the egg parasitoid Telenomus heliothidis: the role of teratocytes and medium consumption in development

Strand

Vinson

Nettles

et al. 1988

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The solitary egg parasitoid Telenomus heliothidis Ashmead (Hymenoptera:Scelionidae) was reared from egg to adult in vitro. Both sexes of adults emerged, mated, and the females produced viable offspring in the natural host, Heliothis virescens E (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). While the rearing medium was important in rearing, wasp fitness was influenced by other factors. The presence of teratocytes influenced parasitoid survival and development. In addition, the quantity of medium ingested by larvae affected the survival, size, longevity, and fecundity of adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In vitro culture of the egg parasitoid Telenomus heliothidis: the role of teratocytes and medium consumption in development

Strand

Vinson

Nettles

et al. 1988

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Quando poucos ovos são depositados por hospedeiro, o número total de descendentes potenciais pode ser reduzido se o parasitóide não encontrar hospedeiros sufi cientes para dispor sua prole completamente (Klomp & Teerink 1967). Além disso, se poucas larvas estão presentes no ovo hospedeiro, pode permanecer excesso de material do ovo após a alimentação da larva ser completada, resultando em níveis altos de umidade e crescimento bacteriano, o que pode ser deletério para a sobrevivência da larva do parasitóide (Hoffman et al 1975).…”

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Parasitismo e superparasitismo de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) em ovos de Sitotroga cerealella(Oliver) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Moreira¹,

Santos²,

Beserra³

et al. 2009

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The parasitoid Trichogramma has been used worldwide as biological control agent due to its wide geographic distribution, high specialization and effi cacy against many lepidopteran pests. Biological and behavioral traits of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley parasitizing Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver) eggs were studied aiming to a better understanding of the results from parasitism and superparasitism. The variables investigated were: host acceptance and contact time by T. pretiosum on parasitized host, percentage of parasitoid emergence, number of deformed individuals produced, egg-adult period, sex ratio, offspring female body size and longevity, and number of S. cerealella eggs parasitized/female. Parasitism rejection was observed on parasitized host eggs after 24, 72 and 120h of parasitism. The rejection was higher for eggs parasitized after 72h and 120h of parasitism as compared to the eggs after 24h of parasitism. T. pretiosum contact time on eggs after 24h of parasitism was greater than on 72 and 120h. The offspring produced from hosts from which a single parasitoid emerged were larger, exhibited no deformities and greater capacity of parasitism, different from those produced from eggs where two parasitoids emerged. Offspring longevity, however, was similar for females emerged from hosts from which one or two adults emerged. In conclusion, T. pretiosum was able to recognize previously parasitized eggs and the superparasitism reduced the parasitoid.reproductive success.KEY WORDS: Biological control, egg parasitoid, host compatibility RESUMO -Parasitóides Trichogramma vêm sendo utilizados em todo o mundo como agentes de controle biológico devido à sua ampla distribuição geográfi ca, alta especialização e efi ciência no controle de muitas espécies-praga de lepidópteros. Para o entendimento dos resultados do parasitismo e superparasitismo de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, estudaram-se os aspectos comportamentais e biológicos desse parasitóide sobre ovos de Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver). As variáveis investigadas foram: aceitação hospedeira e tempo de contato de T. pretiosum com o hospedeiro parasitado, porcentagem de emergência, porcentagem de indivíduos deformados, duração ovo-adulto, razão sexual, tamanho e longevidade de T. pretiosum e número de ovos de S. cerealella parasitados por fêmea descendente. Observou-se rejeição de parasitismo em ovos de S. cerealella previamente parasitados com 24, 72 e 120h de idade. A rejeição foi superior para ovos com 72h e 120h após o parasitismo em comparação com aqueles com 24h. Ovos previamente parasitados com 24h apresentaram maior tempo de contato por T. pretiosum comparados aos de 72h e 120h. Os descendentes oriundos de hospedeiros dos quais apenas um parasitóide se desenvolveu apresentaram-se todos maiores, sem deformidades e com maior capacidade de parasitismo, ao contrário dos indivíduos descendentes de hospedeiros em que dois parasitóides se desenvolveram. Entretanto, a longevidade de fêmeas descendentes não diferiu entre parasitóides oriundos de hospedeiros em ...

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“…The pteromalid Pteromalus puparum (L.). Hoffman & Ignoffo, 1974) was reared on a modified semisynthetic medium previously developed for hymenopteran cell culture (Stanley, 1968) and the trichogrammatid, Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hoffman et al, 1975) on host hemolymph. Additional study, however, on these and other species is required in order to obtain a comparative knowledge of the dietary requirements of this diverse group and so that a technology for rearing parasites with vigor and reproductive potential equal to those of parasites reared on host insects might be realized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ARTIFICIAL CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR REARING LARVAE OF THE CHALCIDOID PARASITE, BRACHYMERIA INTERMEDIA

Thompson

1980

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The respiration of pupae of Trichoplusia ni decreased considerably following parasitization by the chalcidoid Brachymeria intermedia. Furthermore, the process of host tissue development appeared to be arrested within 48 hr indicating that this parasite quickly kills the host insect. The rate of oxygen consumption of parasitized pupae corresponded well with the observed development of the parasite. Parasite larvae fed actively and grew on conventional defined artificial media and larval development was completed on several diets of variable composition. However, following the elimination of the meconium most individuals died as prepupae. Few pupae were obtained and no adults emerged. Survival appeared to correlate with the observable protein content of developing larvae and possible factors influencing further development were discussed. RÉSUMÉ ETUDES PRELIMINAIRES SUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT DE TECHNIQUES D'ELEVAGES ARTIFICIELS DU CHALCIDIEN PARASITOIDE, BRACHYMERIA INTERMEDIA NEES La respiration des chrysalides de Trichoplusia ni diminue brutalement après attaque par Brachymeria intermedia. De plus, le développement des tissus de l'hôte paraît être arreté en 48 h, montrant que ce parasite tue rapidement l'insecte hôte. Le taux de consommation de la nymphe parasitée correspond bien au développement observé du parasite. Les larves du parasite consomment activement et croissent sur substrat artificiel conventionnel et le développement larvaire est complet sur différents régimes de compositions variables. Cependant, à la suite de l'élimination du méconium, la plupart des individus meurent en prénymphes. Quelques nymphes sont obtenues mais aucun adulte n'émerge. La survie paraît liée à la teneur mesurable de proteïnes de la larve en développement; des facteurs pouvant influer sur le développement ultérieurs sont discutés.

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In Vitro Rearing of the Endoparasitic Wasp, Trichogramma pretiosum1,3

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

In vitro culture of the egg parasitoid Telenomus heliothidis: the role of teratocytes and medium consumption in development

In vitro culture of the egg parasitoid Telenomus heliothidis: the role of teratocytes and medium consumption in development

Parasitismo e superparasitismo de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) em ovos de Sitotroga cerealella(Oliver) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

ARTIFICIAL CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR REARING LARVAE OF THE CHALCIDOID PARASITE, BRACHYMERIA INTERMEDIA

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