In vitro investigation of chemical composition and antibacterial activity of alcoholic, hydroalcoholic extracts, and essential oil of <scp><i>Spinacia oleracea</i></scp> leaves from Iran

Issazadeh, Seyed Ali; Hatami, Samaneh; Yavarmanesh, Masoud

doi:10.1111/jfs.12891

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Issazadeh and et al showed that the alcoholic extract of the Iranian spinach variety had antimicrobial properties due to its high content of phenolic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, terpenes, alkaloids, etc. and hence could be used as an antibiotic 35 . Dehkharghanian also confirmed the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids in aqueous spinach extract 36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated wound healing induced by spinach extract in experimental model diabetic rats with streptozotocin

Rahati,

Kamalinezhad,

Ebrahimi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Patients with diabetes often have difficult-to-heal wounds. Spinacia oleracea extract comprises anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative compounds; this research, therefore, studied the impact of Spinacia oleracea extracts on ulcer regeneration. This study was conducted on 72 adult Wistar rats (200 $$\pm$$ ± 20 g). They were randomly divided into six groups of twelve. A: Diabetic group receiving normal saline. B: Non-diabetic group receiving normal saline. C: Diabetic group receiving spinach aqueous extract. D: Diabetic group receiving spinach alcoholic extract. E: preventive group that received aqueous extract for 2 months. F: preventive group that received alcoholic extract for 2 months. Ulcer regeneration, vascular endothelium growth factor, blood sugar, and weight changes were measured on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 30. Macroscopic investigation of the wounds non-diabetic control group, diabetic group, as well as spinach aqueous and alcoholic extract groups, were compared and there were significant changes (P < 0.05). Pathologic examination in the spinach aqueous and alcoholic extract groups, and nondiabetic group than in the diabetic group revealed significant advances (P < 0.05). On the third and seventh days, Vascular endothelium growth factor detected significant differences between groups (P < 0.05). Results indicate that, in regenerating diabetic ulcers, Spinacia oleracea may be effective. It influences the ulcer structure and speed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated wound healing induced by spinach extract in experimental model diabetic rats with streptozotocin

Rahati,

Kamalinezhad,

Ebrahimi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…These components show inhibitory effects against fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Moreover, they inhibit the cyclooxygenase pathway and resist arachidonic acid from producing prostaglandin E2 [79]. This property helps develop anti-inflammatory effects for bone therapeutic applications by reducing the inflammatory issues triggered due to implant grafting.…”

Section: In-vitro Biocompatibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Mg–Hydroxyapatite Composite Incorporated with Aloe barbadensis Miller for Scaphoid Fracture Fixation: A Natural Drug Loaded Orthopedic Implant

Aggarwal,

Sharma,

Gupta

2024

Applied Sciences

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The current study focused on developing a biodegradable implant composite material that could work in a multitude of applications. The fabricated composite showcases a porous matrix of Mg–hydroxyapatite developed through the spacer-holder technique. The composite was incorporated with a natural medicinal plant, i.e., Aloe barbadensis miller, commonly known as the Aloe vera plant. The final composite was enveloped under a thin layer of PLA to work as an encapsulated drug as well as a composite material for implant applications. Further, the mechanical and microstructural properties were analyzed along with corrosion analysis through the weight loss method and pH change. The experiments showed an improvement in the corrosion rate when tested under cell culture medium. The antibacterial rates were experimented with under different aloe vera concentrations against Gram-positive B. subtilis and Gram-negative E. coli, and finally, a minimum inhibitory value was formulated for further experimentations. Hemocompatibility and surface wettability tests were also performed, which revealed improved surface hydrophilicity with a reduced hemolysis rate. An in vitro cell viability analysis was performed against the MG63 osteoblast cell line to indicate the cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of the samples. This research proposed a novel composite material that provides antibacterial and non-toxic properties and retains its strength under a physiological environment.

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“…In addition, traditional uses for spinach leaves include cooling, emollient, wholesome, antipyretic, diuretic, laxative, digestible, lungs and bowel inflammation, sore throat, joint pain, thirst, sore eye, ringworm, scabies, arrest vomiting, biliousness, flatulence, and febrile [17][18]. In the food and pharmaceutical industry, spinach extract can be utilized as a natural antibacterial and preservative [19]. However, to our knowledge, there has yet to be a systemic research report on the effect of chitosan foliar treatment on spinach production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Yield and Biochemical Qualities of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) being Influenced by the Foliar Application of Chitosan

Nipa

Das

Nasrin

et al. 2023

JEAI

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The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of various doses of foliar application of chitosan on spinach growth, yield, and quality characteristics (including chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, total ash, and main nutrient contents). The Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) was used to set up the field experiment, with six treatment combinations [T0 = Control (no chitosan application), T1 = 100 ppm chitosan solution, T2 = 150 ppm chitosan solution, T3 = 200 ppm chitosan solution, T4 = 250 ppm chitosan solution, and T5 = 300 ppm chitosan solution] and three replications. The results revealed that applying chitosan at different doses significantly affected growth (viz., plant height, the number of leaves per plant) and yield of spinach. Moreover, due to the application of chitosan at various doses, there were notable differences observed in chlorophyll, total phenol, and ash contents of spinach. The spinach sample contained an average of 13.61–15.82 mg per g of chlorophyll–a, 9.16–10.18 mg per g of chlorophyll–b, and 22.77–25.85 mg per g of total chlorophyll. On the contrary, the effect of foliar application of chitosan at different doses showed a statistically significant difference in the P, K, Zn, and Fe contents of spinach. The highest amounts of chlorophyll-a, total ash, P, and K in spinach were obtained from treatment T3. However, the results showed that most of the biochemical properties of spinach were reduced by the higher doses (treatments T4 and T5) of foliar application of chitosan. Finally, according to the study's findings, foliar application of chitosan at the rate of 200 ppm significantly affects the growth, yield, pigments, total ash, P, and K contents of spinach.

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In vitro investigation of chemical composition and antibacterial activity of alcoholic, hydroalcoholic extracts, and essential oil of Spinacia oleracea leaves from Iran

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Accelerated wound healing induced by spinach extract in experimental model diabetic rats with streptozotocin

Accelerated wound healing induced by spinach extract in experimental model diabetic rats with streptozotocin

Porous Mg–Hydroxyapatite Composite Incorporated with Aloe barbadensis Miller for Scaphoid Fracture Fixation: A Natural Drug Loaded Orthopedic Implant

Growth, Yield and Biochemical Qualities of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) being Influenced by the Foliar Application of Chitosan

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