In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of various solvent fractions from Clerodendrum viscosum leaves

Abstract

Background:Free radicals such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, generated in the body, play an important role in the fulfillment of various physiological functions but their imbalance in the body lead to cellular injury and various clinical disorders such as cancer, neurodegenaration, and inflammation.Objective:The objective of this study is to fight this problem, natural antioxidant from plants can be considered as possible protective agents against various diseases such as cancer which might also modify the redox microenvironment to reduce the genetic instability. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of Clerodendrum viscosum fractions against various carcinomas.Materials and Methods:In this present study, 70% methanolic extract of C. viscosum leaves have been fractionated to obtain hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water fractions, which were tested for their antioxidant and anticancer properties.Results:It was observed that chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed good free radical scavenging properties as well as inhibited the proliferation of human lung cancer (A459), breast (MCF-7), and brain (U87) cells. Moreover, they arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase of breast and brain cancer. These inhibitory effects were further confirmed by bromodeoxyuridine uptake imaging. Phytochemical investigations further indicate the presence of tannic acid, quercetin, ellagic caid, gallic acid, reserpine, and methyl gallate which might be the reason for these fractions’ antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.Conclusion:Clerodendrum viscosum leaf chloroform and Clerodendrum viscosum leaf ethyl acetate fractions from C. viscosum showed good reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species scavenging potential. Both the fractions arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase in MCF-7 and U87 cells which lead to induce apoptosis.SUMMARY Crude extract of Clerodendrum viscosum leaves was fractionated using different solventsAmong them, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited excellent free radical scavenging propertiesThe same fractions inhibited the proliferation of human lung cancer (A459), breast (MCF-7), and brain (U87) cellsChloroform and ethyl acetate fractions arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase of breast and brain cancerPhytochemical investigations further indicate the presence of several bioactive principles present in them. Abbreviations used: CVLME: Clerodendrum viscosum leaf methanolic extract; CVLH: Clerodendrum viscosum leaf hexane; CVLC: Clerodendrum viscosum leaf chloroform; CVLE: Clerodendrum viscosum leaf ethyl acetate; CVLB: Clerodendrum viscosum leaf butanol; CVLW: Clerodendrum viscosum leaf water; BrdU: Bromodeoxyuridine; WST-1: Water soluble tetrazolium salt.

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Ellagic Acid for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

“…Hydrolysation and absorption of ellagitannins occurs in the small intestine, under a slightly basic or natural pH, which enables further absorption of free EA. EA is then absorbed across the gut epithelium through passive diffusion [17,124]. Unabsorbed free EA and ellagitannins are further metabolized and absorbed in the later part of the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Natural Clerodendrum-derived tick repellent: learning from Nepali culture

“…The two major bioactive compounds found by Ghosh et al ( 2015 ) are N,N-dimethylglycine and 3-deoxy-d-mannoic lactone previously reported to have immune modulating properties and antibacterial activity (Graber et al 1981 ). In vitro studies have shown apoptotic activity of bioflavonoid apigenin isolated from Clerodendrum leaves (Shendge et al 2017 , 2021a ) and anticancer activity of 70% methanolic extracts (Shendge et al 2021a ). However, there is no information for its potential as tick repellent.…”

Efficacy of medicinal plants and their derived biomolecules against apicomplexan pathogen

“…Silver nanoparticles with Clerodendrum viscosum leaf extract were reported to show antiplasmodium activity (46); however, we observed a low selectivity index for Clerodendrum viscosum, suggesting a potential cytotoxic effect on the host. Previous reports have highlighted the potent anticancer properties of Clerodendrum viscosum, demonstrating inhibition of the cell cycle and induction of apoptosis(47). Consequently, the use of molecules derived from this plant should be approached with caution to avoid potential adverse effects.…”