In vitro antimicrobial activity of auxiliary chemical substances and natural extracts on Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis in root canals

Abstract

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of auxiliary chemical substances and natural extracts on Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals.Material and Methods:Seventy-two human tooth roots were contaminated with C. albicans and E. faecalis for 21 days. The groups were divided according to the auxiliary chemical substance into: G1) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), G2) 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), G3) castor oil, G4) glycolic Aloe vera extract, G5) glycolic ginger extract, and G6) sterile saline (control). The samples of the root canal were collected at different intervals: confirmation collection, at 21 days after contamination; 1st collection, after instrumentation; and 2nd collection, seven days after instrumentation. Microbiological samples were grown in culture medium and incubated at 37º C for 48 hours.Results:The results were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn (5%) statistical tests. NaOCl and CHX completely eliminated the microorganisms of the root canals. Castor oil and ginger significantly reduced the number of CFU of the tested bacteria. Reduction of CFU/mL at the 1st and 2nd collections for groups G1, G2, G3 and G4 was greater in comparison to groups G5 and G6.Conclusion:It was concluded that 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine gel were more effective in eliminating C. albicans and E. faecalis, followed by the castor oil and glycolic ginger extract. The Aloe vera extract showed no antimicrobial activity.

Influence of Zingiber officinale Extract on Push-Out Bond Strength of Glass-Fiber Post

“…According to the results obtained, ginger exhibited similar bond strength values to sodium hypochlorite, similar behavior as shown in other studies evaluating the efficacy in endodontic treatments over microorganisms (3,7). Ginger can be considered as an alternative to endodontic treatment without interfering in the adhesive procedure, once it is a phytotherapic containing promising properties.…”

“…Throughout the biomechanical preparation and at each instrument change, canal was irrigated with 2 mL irrigating substance, according to groups it belongs. After preparation, root was washed with 10 mL of physiological saline solution, to neutralize irrigant solution, filled with EDTA (Biodinâmica, Ibiporã, PR, Brazil) for 3 min, followed by rinsing with 10 mL of physiological saline solution and drying with absorbent paper points (Dentsply Maillefer) (3,8). Using the lateral compaction technique, root was filled with gutta-percha points 50 taper (Tanari; Tanariman Indrustrial Ltda, Manaus AM, Brazil), FF and MF accessory points (Tanari; Tanariman) associated with sealer (AH Plus: Dentsply Maillefer).…”

“…Various chemical substances are used as irrigation for root canal chemical-mechanical preparation, aiming for disinfection, dissolving pulp tissues and smear layer removal (2,3). Among the marketed endodontic irrigating solutions, sodium hypochlorite, at different concentrations, is the most commonly used, fact supported by its dissolution capacity for necrotic tissue, antimicrobial (2,3) and detergent actions, and low surface tension. Despite its positive properties, sodium hypochlorite is known to be highly irritant to periapical tissues at high concentrations (3).…”

“…Zingiber officinale is native of Asia and contains vitamins, minerals and polyphenols, including the gingerol, shogaols, paradols and gingerone. Although these constituents compromise the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of ginger (3,7,8), previous studies have shown the effectiveness of ginger as intracanal medication on Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli (8,9). On the other hand, ginger properties and applications still lack scientific explanations, once its physicochemical properties and its possible interference to adhesion of restorative materials are not fully known.…”

Effectiveness of 2% Chlorhexidine on Removal of E.FAECALIS Biofilm in Root Canal: A Systematic Review.

“…There were no significant differences between 0.2% cetrimide and 0.2% chlorhexidine. Final irrigation with 2% chlorhexidine showed greater residual activity than 0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% cetrimide in root canals infected with E. faecalis [20] .…”