2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2015.03.013
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In-task Assessment of Psychological Changes During an Ultramarathon Race

Abstract: Objective.-The purpose of this paper was to document food and fluid intake of athletes during an ultramarathon held in extreme heat. Our study was conducted at The Badwater Ultramarathon, a nonstop 217-km run across Death Valley, California, USA, in 2012. Methods.-This study recruited 4 male athletes. The parameters measured were energy intake, fluid intake, energy expenditure, and body mass. The variables were further compared to the athlete's ability to successfully complete a 217-km ultramarathon in extreme… Show more

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“…Performance in endurance sport is a complex mixture of physical, technical, and psychological factors (Taylor et al, 1995). Relating to the physical factors, endurance athletes aim to ensure they are physically prepared for their endurance sport (Jones & Carter, 2000) and they aim to manage exercise-induced sensations such as exercise pain, injury pain, discomfort and exertion (Christensen, Brewer, & Hutchinson, 2015;Samson, Simpson, Kamphoff, & Langlier, 2017;Schumacher, Becker, & Wiersma, 2016). In regards to the technical aspect, endurance athletes must ensure they pace themselves appropriately to help DEVELOPMENT AND INITIAL VALIDATION OF THE ESSES 8 ensure high levels of performance (Renfree et al, 2014), ensure appropriate technique and form (Novacheck, 1998), and they must also be able to maintain high levels of concentration to aid this and other related decision-making processes (Brick, MacIntyre, & Campell, 2014).…”
Section: Development Of the Initial Item Poolmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Performance in endurance sport is a complex mixture of physical, technical, and psychological factors (Taylor et al, 1995). Relating to the physical factors, endurance athletes aim to ensure they are physically prepared for their endurance sport (Jones & Carter, 2000) and they aim to manage exercise-induced sensations such as exercise pain, injury pain, discomfort and exertion (Christensen, Brewer, & Hutchinson, 2015;Samson, Simpson, Kamphoff, & Langlier, 2017;Schumacher, Becker, & Wiersma, 2016). In regards to the technical aspect, endurance athletes must ensure they pace themselves appropriately to help DEVELOPMENT AND INITIAL VALIDATION OF THE ESSES 8 ensure high levels of performance (Renfree et al, 2014), ensure appropriate technique and form (Novacheck, 1998), and they must also be able to maintain high levels of concentration to aid this and other related decision-making processes (Brick, MacIntyre, & Campell, 2014).…”
Section: Development Of the Initial Item Poolmentioning
confidence: 99%