To obtain fundamental data for the research of the transmutation of nuclear waste, the thermal neutron cross section of the reaction 90Sr(n,r)91Sr has been measured by means of a radiochemical method.Strontium chloride targets containing about 2 MBq of 90Sr were irradiated for 10 min with reactor neutrons. Activation detectors of Co/AI and Au/AI alloy wires were irradiated simultaneously to monitor the neutron flux and Westcott's epithermal index ~( T / T O )~/~. The irradiated Sr samples were purified chemically and their r-ray spectra were measured with a high purity Ge detector. Since the targets included %r, a r-ray emitter and a tracer for gOSr, and a ratio of the amount of %r to that of 90Sr was measured in advance, an effective cross section of the goSr(n,r)glSr reaction for a reactor neutron spectrum was determined from the ratio of radioactivities of 91Sr and 86Sr, and neutron flux data. The resonance integral was also measured by a modified Cd-ratio measurement.Considering an upper limit of the resonance integral to be 0.16 b, the thermal neutron cross section (2,200 m/s neutron cross section) of goSr(n, ~)~l S r reaction was found to be 0.0153+:: :::: b.The value obtained is only 1/50 of the value reported by Zeisel (1966), and is in good agreement with the figure reported by McVey et al. (1983).