In Situ Benthic Nutrient Flux and Sediment Oxygen Demand in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey

Wilson, Tamara S.; dePaul, Vincent T.

doi:10.2112/si78-005.1

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the laboratory (Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea), water samples were filtered with a MultiVac 610-MS-T Multi-Branch Filtration system; each 100 mL water sample was filtered through a sterile 0.22 μm, 47 mm Whatman Nuclepore Hydrophilic Membrane filter ( Wilson, 2022 ). For extracting microbial DNA from the filters (water and aerosol samples), the DNeasy PowerSoil Pro kit (QIAGEN, Germany) was used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities in aerosol generated from cyanobacterial bloom-affected freshwater bodies: an exploratory study in Nakdong River, South Korea

et al. 2023

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Toxic blooms of cyanobacteria, which can produce cyanotoxins, are prevalent in freshwater, especially in South Korea. Exposure to cyanotoxins via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact may cause severe diseases. Particularly, toxic cyanobacteria and their cyanotoxins can be aerosolized by a bubble-bursting process associated with a wind-driven wave mechanism. A fundamental question remains regarding the aerosolization of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins emitted from freshwater bodies during bloom seasons. To evaluate the potential health risk of the aerosolization of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, the objectives of this study were as follows: 1) to quantify levels of microcystin in the water and air samples, and 2) to monitor microbial communities, including toxic cyanobacteria in the water and air samples. Water samples were collected from five sites in the Nakdong River, South Korea, from August to September 2022. Air samples were collected using an air pump with a mixed cellulose ester membrane filter. Concentrations of total microcystins were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate microbial communities, including toxic cyanobacteria. Mean concentrations of microcystins were 960 μg/L ranging from 0.73 to 5,337 μg/L in the water samples and 2.48 ng/m3 ranging from 0.1 to 6.8 ng/m3 in the air samples. In addition, in both the water and air samples, predominant bacteria were Microcystis (PCC7914), which has a microcystin-producing gene, and Cyanobium. Particularly, abundance of Microcystis (PCC7914) comprised more than 1.5% of all bacteria in the air samples. This study demonstrates microbial communities with genes related with microcystin synthesis, antibiotic resistance gene, and virulence factors in aerosols generated from cyanobacterial bloom-affected freshwater body. In summary, aerosolization of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins is a critical concern as an emerging exposure route for potential risk to environmental and human health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities in aerosol generated from cyanobacterial bloom-affected freshwater bodies: an exploratory study in Nakdong River, South Korea

et al. 2023

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“…At GA4, the SOD 20 flux was 3047.2 mg O 2 /m 2 /d (95.5 mmol O 2 /m 2 /d). This was lower than that in other marine ecosystems, such as coastal waters with the high accumulation of organic matter-e.g., Barnegat Bay, NJ, USA (0.21-5.94 g O 2 /m 2 /d) [21], fish farms in the Bolinao area, Philippines (61-337 mmol/m 2 /d) [67], and fish farms in Loch Creran, Scotland (435 mmol/m 2 /d) [68].…”

Section: Nutrient Elution and Diffusion Fluxes At The Bottom Seawater...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NH 4 + was the dominant nutrient in the DIN elution and diffusion fluxes in this area. This is a representative phenomenon of the reducing condition, changing the biogeochemical nutrient cycles of the general oxidation environment [11,[18][19][20][21]. Additionally, the DIN elution flux contributed only 15.8% of the net sinking PON flux, and it was estimated that the 158.3 mg N/m 2 /d of ∆Flux functioned as the remaining flux in the surface sediments.…”

Section: C N and P Mass Balances Under The Effects Of The Reducing En...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The redox processes of nitrogen and phosphorus disturb their biogeochemical cycles, and the mass balances in the bottom seawater-sediment interface have been investigated for many decades [11,[18][19][20][21]. Under oxygen-deficient conditions, marine microbes facultatively gain energy by oxidizing organic matter and other reduced species such as sulfide and manganese [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C, N, and P Mass Balances in the Bottom Seawater–Surface Sediment Interface in the Reducing Environment due to Anoxic Water of Gamak Bay, Korea

Jeong

Kang

Cho

2022

Water

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Current mass balances of C, N, and P were estimated using a model (Fluxin = Fluxout + ΔFlux) from Gamak Bay, Korea, in August 2017, where eutrophication and reducing conditions are prevalent. To examine the current fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC), nitrogen (PON), and phosphorus (POP), sinking and re-floating sediment traps were deployed, a sediment oxygen demand (SOD) chamber experiment and ex-situ nutrient incubation experiment were conducted, and Fick’s first law of diffusion was applied. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed to identify the three groups of water masses based on the characteristics of the bay, including the effects of the reducing environment due to the anoxic water mass using 14 bottom water quality parameters. In the reducing environment (sampling point GA4), the SOD20 flux was 3047.2 mg O2/m2/d. Additionally, the net sinking POC flux was 861.0 mg C/m2/d, while 131.8% of the net sinking POC flux (1134.5 mg C/m2/d) was removed toward the overlying water. This indicates that the organic matter that had been deposited was decomposed as a flux of 273.6 mg C/m2/d. The net sinking PON flux was 187.9 mg N/m2/d, whereas 15.8% of the net sinking PON flux was eluted, and 84.2% remained in the surface sediments. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) elution flux from the surface sediments consisted of NH4+ elution (33.7 mg N/m2/d) and NOx− elution (−4.1 mg N/m2/d) fluxes. Despite the net sinking POP flux being 26.0 mg P/m2/d, the 47.7 mg P/m2/d of DIP elution flux (179.5% of the net sinking POP flux) was eluted to the overlying water. Similar to C mass balance, the additional elution flux occurred. Therefore, severe eutrophication (16.5 of the Okaichi eutrophication index) with the lowest N:P ratio (2.6) in GA4 was noted. This indicates that not only the freshly exported organic matter to the surface sediments but also the biochemical processes under anoxic conditions played an essential role as a remarkable nutrient source–particularly P–for eutrophication in Gamak Bay, Korea.

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Benthic Respiration and Nutrient Release Associated with Net Cage Fish and Longline Oyster Aquaculture in the Geoje-Tongyeong Coastal Waters in Korea

Kim

Choi

et al. 2019

Estuaries and Coasts

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In Situ Benthic Nutrient Flux and Sediment Oxygen Demand in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Microbial communities in aerosol generated from cyanobacterial bloom-affected freshwater bodies: an exploratory study in Nakdong River, South Korea

Microbial communities in aerosol generated from cyanobacterial bloom-affected freshwater bodies: an exploratory study in Nakdong River, South Korea

C, N, and P Mass Balances in the Bottom Seawater–Surface Sediment Interface in the Reducing Environment due to Anoxic Water of Gamak Bay, Korea

Benthic Respiration and Nutrient Release Associated with Net Cage Fish and Longline Oyster Aquaculture in the Geoje-Tongyeong Coastal Waters in Korea

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