“…The scholars in this area have built upon optimization studies that preceded their work to develop more comprehensive optimization models. Most deterministic optimization models are integer [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] or mixed integer programming [ 7 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. In mixed integer models, some of the decision variables (but not all) all required to have integer values.…”