Improving cytotoxicity against cancer cells by chemo-photodynamic combined modalities using silver-graphene quantum dots nanocomposites

Habiba, Khaled; Encarnación-Rosado, Joel; García-Pabón, Kenny; Villalobos‐Santos, Juan C.; Makarov, Vladimir I.; Ávalos, Javier; Weiner, Brad R.; Morell, Gerardo

doi:10.2147/ijn.s95440

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…47 Similarly, PEGylated silver nanoparticles coated with GQDs exerted a distinct antitumor effect at the level of 100 μg/mL by triggering apoptosis only in cancer cells without impacting the viability of normal cells. 48 Consequently, understanding of how to improve the antitumor effects and decrease the toxicity of normal cells may allow good use of GBMs in biomedicine.…”

Section: Gbms Induce Apoptosis In Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of graphene-based materials-induced programmed cell death: a review of apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis

Lin

Song

et al. 2017

IJN

159

108

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Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are widely used in many fields, including biomedicine. To date, much attention had been paid to the potential unexpected toxic effects of GBMs. Here, we review the recent literature regarding the impact of GBMs on programmed cell death (PCD). Apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis are three major PCDs. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the mitochondrial pathways and MAPKs (JNK, ERK, and p38)- and TGF-β-related signaling pathways are implicated in GBMs-induced apoptosis. Autophagy, unlike apoptosis and necroptosis which are already clear cell death types, plays a vital pro-survival role in cell homeostasis, so its role in cell death should be carefully considered. However, GBMs always induce unrestrained autophagy accelerating cell death. GBMs trigger autophagy through inducing autophagosome accumulation and lysosome impairment. Mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, TLRs signaling pathways, and p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways participate in GBMs-induced autophagy. Programmed necrosis can be activated by RIP kinases, PARP, and TLR-4 signaling in macrophages after GBMs exposure. Though apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis are distinguished by some characteristics, their numerous signaling pathways comprise an interconnected network and correlate with each other, such as the TLRs, p53 signaling pathways, and the Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 interaction. A better understanding of the mechanisms of PCD induced by GBMs may allow for a thorough study of the toxicology of GBMs and a more precise determination of the consequences of human exposure to GBMs. These determinations will also benefit safety assessments of the biomedical and therapeutic applications of GBMs.

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Section: Gbms Induce Apoptosis In Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of graphene-based materials-induced programmed cell death: a review of apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis

Lin

Song

et al. 2017

IJN

159

108

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“…Coupling graphene quantum dots with a photosensitizer can increase singlet oxygen generation above the amount produced by either compound alone and promote cellular toxicity (9)(10)(11)(12). The photosensitizer, methylene blue (MB), exhibits limited ability to permeate cell membranes, but can enter some cancer cells, and upon exposure to light cause significant production of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill the malignant cells (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy Properties of Sulfur‐Doped Graphene Quantum Dot and Methylene Blue Preparations in MCF‐7 Breast Cancer Cell Culture

Monroe

Belekov

et al. 2019

Photochem & Photobiology

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a field with many applications including chemotherapy. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) exhibit a variety of unique properties and can be used in PDT to generate singlet oxygen that destroys pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells. The PDT agent, methylene blue (MB), like GQDs, has been successfully exploited to destroy bacteria and cancer cells by increasing reactive oxygen species generation. Recently, combinations of GQDs and MB have been shown to destroy pathogenic bacteria via increased singlet oxygen generation. Here, we performed a spectrophotometric assay to detect and measure the uptake of GQDs, MB and several GQD‐MB combinations in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells. Then, we used a cell counting method to evaluate the cytotoxicity of GQDs, MB and a 1:1 GQD:MB preparation. Singlet oxygen generation in cells was then detected and measured using singlet oxygen sensor green. The dye, H2DCFDA, was used to measure reactive oxygen species production. We found that GQD and MB uptake into MCF‐7 cells occurred, but that MB, followed by 1:1 GQD:MB, caused superior cytotoxicity and singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species generation. Our results suggest that methylene blue's effect against MCF‐7 cells is not potentiated by GQDs, either in light or dark conditions.

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“…Habiba et al reported the synthesis of Ag-GQDs nanocomposite using pulsed laser and demonstrated good biocompatibility and non-toxicity of the nanocomposite. 16 Nonetheless, the effect of metallic atoms doping on the optical properties of GQDs has not been well-addressed. Non-metallic atoms doping has shown to vary the electronic structure of the GQDs, it is therefore of central importance to investigate the a E-mail: lxmscience@163.com b E-mail: scitang@163.com 2158-3226/2016/6(7)/075116/8 6, 075116-1 © Author(s) 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium doping: Tuning the optical properties of graphene quantum dots

Qian

Tang

et al. 2016

AIP Advances

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Doping with hetero-atoms is an effective way to tune the properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs). Here, potassium-doped GQDs (K-GQDs) are synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal treatment of sucrose and potassium hydroxide solution. Optical properties of the GQDs are altered as a result of K-doping. The absorption peaks exhibit a blue shift. Multiple photoluminescence (PL) peaks are observed as the excitation wavelength is varied from 380 nm to 620 nm. New energy levels are introduced into the K-GQDs and provide alternative electron transition pathways. The maximum PL intensity of the K-GQDs is obtained at an excitation wavelength of 480 nm which is distinct from the undoped GQDs (375 nm). The strong PL of the K-GQDs at the longer emission wavelengths is expected to make K-GQDs more suitable for bioimaging and optoelectronic applications.

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Improving cytotoxicity against cancer cells by chemo-photodynamic combined modalities using silver-graphene quantum dots nanocomposites

Cited by 43 publications

References 51 publications

The mechanisms of graphene-based materials-induced programmed cell death: a review of apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis

The mechanisms of graphene-based materials-induced programmed cell death: a review of apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis

Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy Properties of Sulfur‐Doped Graphene Quantum Dot and Methylene Blue Preparations in MCF‐7 Breast Cancer Cell Culture

Potassium doping: Tuning the optical properties of graphene quantum dots

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