Improving Crop Production in the Arid Mediterranean Climate

Jacobsen, Sven‐Erik; and, Christian Richardt Jensen; Liu, Fulai

doi:10.1002/9781118517994.ch12

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Yield variability and instability are the major problems for pea both within and between sites and seasons due to a poor adaptability and a low tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress (Moot et al 1995;Jacobsen et al 2012). Significant efforts have been made in pea breeding for adaptability to continental and oceanic conditions (Cousin 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yield, aerial biomass and flowering date stability in Mediterranean environments

Iglesias-García

Prats

Flores³

et al. 2017

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Mediterranean environments are of most interest to study pea adaptability to terminal drought conditions especially in the current context of global climate change. In our work we have tested 9 pea cultivars in five South European and North African locations, characterized by different agro climatic conditions within the Mediterranean climate. Data were processed through the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis. Grain yield, aboveground biomass and flowering date were assessed within each Mega Environment (ME) with parametric and non-parametric methods, establishing ranks for the genotypes within each condition attending to their stability parameters and mean values. The field analysis revealed HR1 as a wide adapted genotype, whereas others such as Desso showed the best adaptation in South Mediterranean areas. Our results also highlighted the potential interest of these genotypes and others (i.e. Messire and ZP108) in breeding programs and further studies on drought tolerance.Additional Keywords: dry pea, phenology, Genotype × Environment interaction, drought tolerance Pea behaviour in Mediterranean field environments 5 IntroductionDry pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the most widely grown temperate grain legume in Europe and the second-most in the world (FAOSTAT 2013), being a versatile and inexpensive protein source for animal feeding with a widely acknowledged beneficial role in cropping systems (Drinkwater et al., 1998; Badgley et al., 2006;Nemecek et al. 2008). In spite of these advantages, dry pea acreage shows a constantly decreasing trend at a world level from 10.3 million ha in 1962 to 6.3 ha in 2012 (Rubiales and Mikic 2015).Yield variability and instability are the major problems for pea both within and between sites and seasons due to a poor adaptability and a low tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress (Moot et al. 1995;Jacobsen et al. 2012). Significant efforts have been made in pea breeding for adaptability to continental and oceanic conditions (Cousin 1997). In contrast, little efforts have been paid to improve adaptability to Mediterranean environments with mild winters and dry springs, where spring pea types are autumn sown and challenged by different stresses (Rubiales et al. 2009). As a result, pea cultivation is particularly low in the Mediterranean Basin and recently released pea cultivars are poorly adapted to Mediterranean environments (Rubiales 2015). This is somehow surprising as the East Mediterranean and the West Asia are the primary centre of diversity for pea, where wild forms, such as P. fulvum Sm. and P. sativum subsp. elatius (M. Bieb.) Asch. and Graebn can still be found growing today (Rubiales et al. 2011; and where pea once played a very important role in human diets, as witnessed by the first attested ancient DNA extraction from any legume species Medović et al. 2011).In field conditions, the development of pea genotypes producing high and stable seed yield is most decisive (Cousin, 1997;Rubiales et al. 2011;Smýkal et al. 2012), albeit high...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yield, aerial biomass and flowering date stability in Mediterranean environments

Iglesias-García

Prats

Flores³

et al. 2017

Crop Pasture Sci.

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“…Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengairan separuh daerah akar belum dapat meningkatkan kadar brix secara signifikan. Hasil ini tidak sesuai dengan studi sebelumnya bahwa pengairan dengan pengeringan separuh daerah akar dapat meningkatkan kadar gula (brix) (Jacobsen et al 2012), mengurangi penggunaan air dan meningkatkan kualitas jus jeruk (Hutton & Loveys 2011) dan meningkatkan produktivitas air dan kualitas buah anggur (Kang & Zhang 2004, Sadras 2009). Tidak terjadinya peningkatan kualitas buah pada penelitian ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh karena aplikasi pengairan dilakukan pada saat tanaman jeruk sudah terbentuk buah dan selama periode aplikasi pengairan separuh daerah akar sering terjadi hujan (Gambar 1) sehingga meskipun daerah akar yang tidak diairi ditutup dengan plastik kemungkinan tetap terjadi rembesan air hujan sehingga penurunan kadar air tanah tidak besar (Gambar 2).…”

Section: Jus (Sari Buah) Dan Brixunclassified

Pengaruh Pengairan Separuh Daerah Akar Terhadap Pertumbuhan Daun dan Kualitas Hasil Jeruk Siompu

Bahrun

Wahab

Umarsul³

2016

J.Hort

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Naskah diterima tanggal 5 September 2014 dan disetujui untuk diterbitkan tanggal 22 Desember 2014 ABSTRAK.Teknik pengairan memengaruhi pertumbuhan, hasil buah, dan kualitas buah jeruk Siompu. Salah satu teknik pengairan yang prospektif diteliti untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil Jeruk Siompu adalah pengairan separuh daerah akar. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengairan separuh daerah akar terhadap pertumbuhan daun dan kualitas buah jeruk Siompu. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Penelitian ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan pengairan yaitu (P0) pengairan seluruh daerah akar (PDA) 20 l air/pohon, (P1) pengairan separuh daerah akar (PSDA) 20 l air/pohon, (P2) PSDA 15 l air/ pohon, (P3) PSDA 10 l air/pohon, dan (P4) PSDA 5 l air/pohon. Teknik PSDA yaitu air diberikan hanya pada sebagian daerah akar (satu sisi) tanaman, sedangkan sebagian daerah akar (sisi lainnya) tidak diberikan air atau diberi peluang mengalami kondisi kering, masing-masing dengan interval waktu 8 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PSDA meningkatkan kandungan asam absisat (ABA) daun dan mempertahankan pertumbuhan daun, ukuran buah, sari buah, dan brix seperti perlakuan PDA, tetapi tidak dapat meningkatkan kualitas buah dan mengurangi kadar K daun. Pada musim kemarau, teknik PSDA 10 l air/pohon atau penghematan air 50% dibanding kontrol dapat direkomendasikan untuk pengairan tanaman jeruk Siompu, meskipun perlu dilakukan studi integrasi pengairan separuh daerah akar dengan pemupukan dan mulsa pada musim kemarau.Katakunci: ABA; Jeruk Siompu; Kualitas buah; Pertumbuhan; Pengairan separuh daerah akar ABSTRACT. Irrigation method may affects the growth, fruit yield, and its quality of Siompu citrus. One of the promising irrigation method to be tested on Siompu citrus is partial root zone irrigation (PRZI). The aim of research is to determine the effect of PRZI on leaf growth and yield quality of Siompu citrus. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisting of five treatments namely (P0) the whole root zone irrigation (FRI) was irrigated with 20 l water plant, (P1) the PRZI was irrigated with 20 l water/plant, (P2) the PRZI was irrigated with 15 l water/plant, (P3) the PRZI was irrigated with 10 l water/plant, (P4) the PRZI was irrigated with 5 l water/plant, PRZI treatments were done by watering one root zone side while the other side was allowed to dry and irrigation was shifted to the dry side while the wet side was allowed to dry every 8 days irrigation interval, respectively. The results showed that the PRZI treatment increased leaf ABA content and maintained leaf growth, fruit size, juice, and brix at the level of the FRI treatment, however, PRZI was not increase fruit quality and also decreased leaf K content. PRZI 10 l water/plant can be recommended to irrigate Siompu citrus during dry season, however, study on the integration of PRZI with fertilizer and mulch during dry season are needed to be done.

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“…The Mediterranean basin is one of the driest agricultural regions on Earth, containing only 1% of the world's freshwater resources (Jacobsen et al, 2012) and is characterized by an extremely variable climate (Ceccarelli et al, 2007) with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Any further reduction in rainfall and increase of precipitation intensity will obviously affect the total availability of water resources in the soil and the extension of the agricultural area, subsequently resulting in higher runoff, soil erosion, less accumulation of water in reservoirs and reduced availability of water for irrigation purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The options for Mediterranean agriculture to adapt to climate changes are: (i) use of sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate the negative effects of changed environmental conditions, such as shift in sowing/planting dates, use of cover crops, use of efficient and water-saving irrigation strategies, management of soil fertility, and reduction of tillage practices (Challinor et al, 2010;Jacobsen et al, 2012); (ii) introduce climate-proof varieties or new crops with potential to cope with multiple stress factors caused by climatic change, such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) or amaranth (Amaranth sp.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Amaranth Adaptability in a Mediterranean Area of South Italy under Different Climatic Scenarios

Pulvento

Lavini

Riccardi

et al. 2015

Irrigation and Drainage

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The aim of the present work was to study the adaptability of amaranth in a typical Mediterranean environment of South Italy under changing climate scenarios. In a first stage, experimental data from a field trial conducted during 2009-2010 on the Volturno River Plain (Italy) with grain amaranth grown under different irrigation strategies, were used to define the thermal requirements and the yield response function to soil water availability of amaranth. The observed soil moisture data were used to calculate the relative soil water deficit (RSWD) index and seed yield data were expressed as relative yield (Y r ). Y r and RSWD calculated data were then graphically correlated to obtain the amaranth yield response function to soil water availability. In a second stage the SALTMED model was used to simulate impacts of present, past and future climate scenarios on amaranth growth cycle and yield. Climate-change scenarios (Special Report on Emission Scenarios A1B, A2 and B1) data, used as input in the model, were derived from six global circulation models using a weather generator.The results showed that in a changing climate, temperature affects the relative duration of the growth cycle and could be a critical determinant of grain yield. The use of supplemental irrigations could allow the amaranth to guarantee a high seed yield under Mediterranean conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Les résultats ont montré que dans un climat changeant, la température affecte la durée relative du cycle de croissance et pourrait être un facteur déterminant de la production. L'utilisation d'eau d'irrigation supplémentaire pourrait permettre à l'amarante de garantir un rendement élevé de semences dans des conditions méditerranéennes.

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Improving Crop Production in the Arid Mediterranean Climate

Cited by 12 publications

References 161 publications

Assessment of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yield, aerial biomass and flowering date stability in Mediterranean environments

Assessment of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yield, aerial biomass and flowering date stability in Mediterranean environments

Pengaruh Pengairan Separuh Daerah Akar Terhadap Pertumbuhan Daun dan Kualitas Hasil Jeruk Siompu

Assessing Amaranth Adaptability in a Mediterranean Area of South Italy under Different Climatic Scenarios

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