Abstract:Use of high resolution (0.1m) side-scan sonar for generating detailed benthic maps (4 m 2 mapping unit) in coral reef environments was investigated by collecting imagery over 60 km 2 of the Puerto Rico insular shelf, from shoreline to shelfedge. Visual interpretation of acoustic imagery resulted in 21 different habitat types classified within broad categories of unconsolidated sediment (7), consolidated bottom (6), and vegetated areas (8). Detailed maps showed the amount, size, and spatial distribution of habi… Show more
“…Yes (17), [59,60,61,62] [12, 63,64,65,66,67,68,69] [14, 26,70] [ 71,72] Other (3), [73] [ 74,75] No (13), [13,76] [ 77,78,79,80,81,82] [83, 84,85] [ 86,87] Other (7), : e.g. local knowledge or aerial photo…”
Section: References Sorted Based On the Size Of The Area Mappedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several papers have discussed the cost-effectiveness of remote sensing, but these focussed mainly on the image and the processing cost, and not on the integration of field and image data in relation to calibration or validation [1,75,134]. Two publications described how the cost and accuracy of a coral reef map were influenced by varying either the number of data points [123], or the image type or size of the mapped area [11].…”
Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Abstract: Our ability to map coral reef environments using remote sensing has increased through improved access to: satellite images and field survey data at suitable spatial scales, and software enabling the integration of data sources. These data sets can be used to provide validated maps to support science and management decisions. The objective of this paper was to compare two methods for calibrating and validating maps of coral reef benthic communities derived from satellite images captured over a variety of Coral Reefs The two methods for collecting georeferenced benthic field data were: 1), georeferenced photo transects and 2), spot checks. Quickbird imagery was acquired for three Fijian coral reef environments in: Suva, Navakavu and Solo. These environments had variable water clarity and spatial complexity of benthic cover composition. The two field data sets at each reef were each split, and half were used for training data sets for supervised classifications, and the other half for accuracy assessment. This resulted in two maps of benthic communities with associated mapping accuracies, production times and costs for each study-site. Analyses of the spatial patterns in benthic community maps and their Overall and Tau accuracies revealed that for spatially complex habitats, the maps produced from photo transect data were twice as accurate as spot check based maps. In the context of the reefs examined, our results showed that the photo-transect method was a robust procedure which could be used in a range of coral reef environments to map the benthic communities accurately. In contrast, the spot check method is a fast and low cost approach, suitable for mapping benthic communities which have lower spatial complexity. Our findings will enable scientists, technicians and managers to select appropriate methods for collecting field data to integrate with high spatial resolution multi-spectral imagery to create validated coral reef benthic community maps. Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx No (4), [89] [90] [19, 91] Unknown (5), Yes (2), [92, 93] No (3), [94, 95, 96] Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx
“…Yes (17), [59,60,61,62] [12, 63,64,65,66,67,68,69] [14, 26,70] [ 71,72] Other (3), [73] [ 74,75] No (13), [13,76] [ 77,78,79,80,81,82] [83, 84,85] [ 86,87] Other (7), : e.g. local knowledge or aerial photo…”
Section: References Sorted Based On the Size Of The Area Mappedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several papers have discussed the cost-effectiveness of remote sensing, but these focussed mainly on the image and the processing cost, and not on the integration of field and image data in relation to calibration or validation [1,75,134]. Two publications described how the cost and accuracy of a coral reef map were influenced by varying either the number of data points [123], or the image type or size of the mapped area [11].…”
Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Abstract: Our ability to map coral reef environments using remote sensing has increased through improved access to: satellite images and field survey data at suitable spatial scales, and software enabling the integration of data sources. These data sets can be used to provide validated maps to support science and management decisions. The objective of this paper was to compare two methods for calibrating and validating maps of coral reef benthic communities derived from satellite images captured over a variety of Coral Reefs The two methods for collecting georeferenced benthic field data were: 1), georeferenced photo transects and 2), spot checks. Quickbird imagery was acquired for three Fijian coral reef environments in: Suva, Navakavu and Solo. These environments had variable water clarity and spatial complexity of benthic cover composition. The two field data sets at each reef were each split, and half were used for training data sets for supervised classifications, and the other half for accuracy assessment. This resulted in two maps of benthic communities with associated mapping accuracies, production times and costs for each study-site. Analyses of the spatial patterns in benthic community maps and their Overall and Tau accuracies revealed that for spatially complex habitats, the maps produced from photo transect data were twice as accurate as spot check based maps. In the context of the reefs examined, our results showed that the photo-transect method was a robust procedure which could be used in a range of coral reef environments to map the benthic communities accurately. In contrast, the spot check method is a fast and low cost approach, suitable for mapping benthic communities which have lower spatial complexity. Our findings will enable scientists, technicians and managers to select appropriate methods for collecting field data to integrate with high spatial resolution multi-spectral imagery to create validated coral reef benthic community maps. Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx No (4), [89] [90] [19, 91] Unknown (5), Yes (2), [92, 93] No (3), [94, 95, 96] Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Downloaded From: http://remotesensing.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 10/13/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx
“…Diver-based monitoring is extremely limited in space and time, while satellite-based approaches have not resolved the benthic surface at the resolution of coral colonies [8]. Current high-resolution, reef-scale approaches for 3D benthic mapping primarily utilize SONAR (sound navigation and ranging) and LIDAR (light detection and ranging) technologies [9,10]. Ship-based SONAR has proven valuable for generating detailed bathymetry and reef rugosity information at high spatial resolution.…”
Coral reef ecosystems are rapidly changing, and a persistent problem with monitoring changes in reef habitat complexity rests in the spatial resolution and repeatability of measurement techniques. We developed a new approach for high spatial resolution (<1 m) mapping of nearshore bathymetry and three-dimensional habitat complexity (rugosity) using airborne high-fidelity imaging spectroscopy. Using this new method, we mapped coral reef habitat throughout two bays to a maximum depth of 25 m and compared the results to the laser-based SHOALS bathymetry standard. We also compared the results derived from imaging spectroscopy to a more conventional 4-band multispectral dataset. The spectroscopic approach yielded consistent results on repeat flights, despite variability in viewing and solar geometries and sea state conditions. We found that the spectroscopy-based results were comparable to those derived from SHOALS, and they were a major improvement over the multispectral approach. Yet, spectroscopy provided much finer spatial information than that which is available with SHOALS, which is valuable for analyzing changes in benthic composition at the scale of individual coral colonies. Monitoring temporal changes in reef 3D complexity at high spatial resolution will provide an improved means to assess the impacts of climate change and coastal processes that affect reef complexity.
“…To better understand the distribution of coral structures in Bonaire, both the classification data as well as the calculated rugosity values must be interpreted. A high rugosity value is often indicative of the presence of coral structures (Prada et al, 2008), in fact 11.8% of all data points had a rugosity ratio of 1.3 or greater and were found within the inferred hard coral acoustic class (Figure 6). In Figure 6, the classifications assigned to each data point are shown along with the percentage of the seabed coverage that each class accounted for.…”
Current trends demonstrate coral reef health in serious decline worldwide. Some of the most well-preserved coral reefs in the Caribbean basin are located in the waters surrounding Bonaire, in the Dutch Caribbean. In many places on the leeward side on islands dominated by trade winds, the shallow reef systems extend into deeper water where they are known as Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems (MCE). Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) were used to collect geoacoustic data of these leeward reefs at multiple sites as part of an ocean exploration project. AUV swath bathymetry and side-scan sonar data were analyzed for depth, acoustic backscatter intensity, seafloor slope, and rugosity. These geomorphic metrics were then used as inputs to generate a composite synthetic index of bottom-type to delineate MCE features. A confusion matrix statistical analysis of the acoustic class map showed an overall accuracy of the acoustic classes at 66%, with accuracy of the hard coral class the highest at 83%, and the sandy-bottom class the lowest at 55. The hard coral class was also the statistically most reliable, at over 80%, with the noise class coming in as the least reliable. This morphologic habitat index is a potentially useful new tool in quantifying the extent of MCE located in proximity to Marine Protected Areas (MPAs).
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