Improvement of thermal regeneration of spent granular activated carbon using air agent : Application of sintering and deoxygenation

Cho, Joon-Hyung; Kim, Yoon-Su; Jeon, Soo-Bin; Seo, Jong-Beom; Jung, Jong-Hyeon; Oh, Kwang–Joong

doi:10.1007/s11814-014-0125-0

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, the inorganic pre-treatment efficiently removed the ashes, thus leading to surface area increase. In addition, the advantage of SAC-H-A-C was the generation of high specific surface area, comparing with the previous results ( Supplementary Table S4 ) [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. The enhanced surface areas could increase the adsorption capacity, which also raise the product value.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Pre-Treatment Methods for Regeneration of Spent Activated Carbon

et al. 2020

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Spent activated carbon (SAC) usually exhibits a low specific surface area due to its high ash contents. In this study, pre-treatments, such as heat and acid treatments, were optimized to improve this feature. The heat pre-treatment did not reduce the ash content, nor did it increase the surface area. Because metallic ions adsorbed in SACs turn into ash upon the heat treatment. In the acid pre-treatment, the volatiles and fixed carbon were increased with decreasing ash contents. In this study, it was found that the surface area increase was correlated with the ratio between fixed carbon and ash. Among the pre-treatment methods, the combined heat and acid pre-treatment method highly increased the ratio, and therefore led to the surface area increase. Additionally, the acid pre-treatment was carried out using different types of acid (organic and inorganic acids) solutions to further improve the surface areas. The organic acid treatment caused a significant structural collapse compared to the inorganic acid treatment, decreasing the surface area. In particular, H3PO4 effectively removed ashes adsorbed on the activated carbon surface and regenerated the exhausted activated carbon. Both the heat and acid pre-treatments before chemical activation resulted in the positive effects such as strong desorption of pollutants and ashes within the internal structure of the activated carbon. Therefore, the regeneration introduced in this study is methodically the best method to regenerate SAC and maintain a stable structure.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Pre-Treatment Methods for Regeneration of Spent Activated Carbon

et al. 2020

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“…In order to minimize the cost, alternative low cost precursors or waste materials and less expensive methodologies are being explored by researchers. Air activation is among the methods which is economically attractive owing to the advantages of being free, having low heat requirements and less processing time (Ceyhan et al, 2013;Cho et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, in spite of its potential use, there have not been studies reporting the preparation of AC from demineralised lignin at high temperatures using physical activation in air. Despite the economic benefits of using air as the activating agent, air activation is not commonly used because of the high reactivity of oxygen, which makes it difficult to control excessive carbon burn off (Cho et al, 2014). Demineralised kraft lignin being less reactive in nature may be used as a precursor for air activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative approach to develop microporous activated carbons in oxidising atmosphere

Suhas

Carrott

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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The aim of the study was to investigate a rather oxidising atmosphere such as air for the development of a microporous activated carbon from demineralised kraft lignin. Demineralisation of lignin makes the precursor low in reactivity and hence can allow the use of more oxidising atmospheres. Control of the activation conditions allowed development of microporous activated carbons with type I N 2 adsorption isotherms from demineralised kraft lignin having micropore volumes and mean micropore widths up to 0.374 cm 3 g À1 and 1.12 nm, respectively. A unique feature of this study is to prepare high surface area (1305 m 2 g À1 ) microporous activated carbon at a high temperature (950 C) in air atmosphere. The effect of temperature on the surface area, micropore volume, mean micropore width and total pore volume was also studied for the development of activated carbons from the precursor in the range 550e1050 C.

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“…Reutilization of spent AC through reactivation on one hand would reduce the solid waste handling cost, on the other hand, would minimize resource utilization, through reduction in the fresh AC consumption. The techniques of regenerating spent AC could be thermal regeneration [26], biological regeneration [27], ultrasonic regeneration [28], and chemical regeneration [29]. Among the above methods, thermal regeneration has been widely adopted owing to the ability to produce AC with desirable porosity and physical characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted regeneration of spent activated carbon containing zinc acetate and its application for removal of congo red

Zhu

et al. 2016

Desalination and Water Treatment

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2016):Microwave-assisted regeneration of spent activated carbon containing zinc acetate and its application for removal of congo red, Desalination and Water Treatment,The spent activated carbon (AC) loaded with zinc acetate from the vinyl acetate synthesis industry has been used as a raw material to prepare AC-ZnO porous adsorbents using microwave irradiation technique with three different activating agents. The morphology and surface chemical compositions of the prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The regenerated AC-ZnO composites exhibited a welldeveloped porous structure with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area in excess of 1,100 m 2 /g, and the ZnO nanoparticles decomposed from zinc acetate loaded on the surface of the regenerated AC without aggregation. The adsorption performance of the AC-ZnO composites was further evaluated by adsorbing Congo Red (CR) from aqueous solutions. The experimental isotherms data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. Langmuir and Temkin models were found to satisfactorily match the experimental data with the maximum CR adsorption capacity of 16.72 mg/g for the sample activated by CO 2 at 308 K. Similarly, the kinetics of adsorption were tested with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models, and the data were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetics with high correlation coefficient. The intraparticle diffusion model indicated external film diffusion, and intraparticle diffusion has taken place during the adsorption process.

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Improvement of thermal regeneration of spent granular activated carbon using air agent : Application of sintering and deoxygenation

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Pre-Treatment Methods for Regeneration of Spent Activated Carbon

Pre-Treatment Methods for Regeneration of Spent Activated Carbon

An innovative approach to develop microporous activated carbons in oxidising atmosphere

Microwave-assisted regeneration of spent activated carbon containing zinc acetate and its application for removal of congo red

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