Improved Perioperative Sleep Quality or Quantity Reduces Pain after Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of improved perioperative sleep on pain, analgesic consumption, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients who were undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods: Original studies published from 1 January 1970 to 30 September 2020 were queried in three unique databases using a common search term. The searches sought randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating the effectiveness of sleep quality or quantity interventions for pain control early after TKA or THA. Grey literature was also searched by screening trial registers. There was no limitation on published language and patients. Two reviewers then assessed studies for eligibility. Eligible studies should have primary outcomes including perioperativeWe have comfirmed the edits. visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score and analgesic consumption; and secondary outcomes including side effects, such as PONV. Data extracted from the literature were abstracted into a comma-separated database spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel. A meta-analysis was then performed. Pooled statistics were calculated with weighting by inverse variance assuming a random effect model. I 2 was calculated as a quantifier of heterogeneity and interpreted according to the Cochrane manual. All data analysis was performed using Revman software.Results: From a total of 1285 potential records identified in the electronic search, six studies eventually fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The six controlled RCTs consisted of 207 patients in the sleep-improving group and 209 patients in the control group. The severity of rest pain was significantly lower in the sleep-improving group compared with the control group at day 1 and day 3 postoperatively; the severity of active pain was significantly lower in the sleep-improving group compared with the control group at day 3 postoperatively. Data concerning analgesic drugs could not undergo a meta-analysis due to the difference of eligible studies. No significant difference was found in the incidence of PONV between the sleep-improving group and the control group. Conclusion:Improved perioperative sleep, regardless of quality or quantity, could significantly reduce the pain level at the early stage after TKA or THA, thus the total amount of analgesic drugs consumed was decreased, without significant increase in the incidence of PONV.

Associations between perioperative sleep patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with intracranial tumors: a correlation study

“…However, in a meta-analysis of 416 patients with total hip or knee arthroplasty, the authors found that increased DST did not improve PONV. This is not consistent with our results because we focused on the severity of PONV, whereas the previous study focused more on its incidence ( 45 ). Second, we found that reduced DST could aggravate anxiety and depression during the perioperative period.…”

Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk Factors and Improvement of Clinical Treatment of Traumatic Arthritis after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in the Treatment of Acetabular Fractures

“…Traumatic arthritis is the most common complication after acetabular fracture. Through the analysis of 569 patients with acetabular fractures, some scholars reported that the overall incidence of postoperative traumatic arthritis was 17%, of which the incidence of complete reduction was 10% and that of incomplete reduction was 35% [ 6 ]. Many literatures have pointed out that the postoperative effect is not satisfactory, which is often accompanied by joint dislocation, marginal compression, and ipsilateral femoral head fracture such as in the initial operation, which failed to fix the fracture, the necessary bone graft treatment, and often bring about serious complications [ 7 ].…”

REST: a preoperative tailored sleep intervention for patients undergoing total knee replacement – feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial

“…[20][21][22] A recent systematic review identified that improved preoperative sleep reduced pain levels and analgesic consumption after TKR. 23 Guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology advises avoidance of pharmacological therapy for long-term management of sleep issues and recommends behavioural approaches as firstline treatment. 24 25 Non-pharmacological sleep interventions are potentially more sustainable and cost-effective, with lower risk of side effects.…”

“…Previous trials on sleep and joint replacement have predominantly focused on perioperative and postoperative pharmacological interventions 20–22. A recent systematic review identified that improved preoperative sleep reduced pain levels and analgesic consumption after TKR 23. Guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology advises avoidance of pharmacological therapy for long-term management of sleep issues and recommends behavioural approaches as first-line treatment 24 25.…”