Improved electrochemical performance in Sc-doped nanocrystalline LiMn2O4

Leong, Victor Gin He; Hong, Seung Sae; Castro, Ricardo H. R.

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2022.132824

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although segregation is not a new concept in cathode doping, the connection between ion segregation and interface thermodynamic stability makes this work very relevant to the development of stable nanomaterials (and micro) for lithium-ion battery technologies, which can extend the battery’s lifetime. 58 Additionally, to improve cyclability, the computational model helps determine the tendencies of segregation for different dopant chemistries to specific interfaces for the design of purposefully anisotropic particles. In LCO, the {001} surface is not an active surface for lithium diffusion, and the {104} surface is one of the most active surfaces since lithium ions prefer to move along layers and not across cobalt layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomistic Simulation Informs Interface Engineering of Nanoscale LiCoO₂

et al. 2022

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Lithium-ion batteries continue to be a critical part of the search for enhanced energy storage solutions. Understanding the stability of interfaces (surfaces and grain boundaries) is one of the most crucial aspects of cathode design to improve the capacity and cyclability of batteries. Interfacial engineering through chemical modification offers the opportunity to create metastable states in the cathodes to inhibit common degradation mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate how atomistic simulations can effectively evaluate dopant interfacial segregation trends and be an effective predictive tool for cathode design despite the intrinsic approximations. We computationally studied two surfaces, {001} and {104}, and grain boundaries, Σ3 and Σ5, of LiCoO 2 to investigate the segregation potential and stabilization effect of dopants. Isovalent and aliovalent dopants (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , Sc 3+ , Y 3+ , Gd 3+ , La 3+ , Al 3+ , Ti 4+ , Sn 4+ , Zr 4+ , V 5+ ) were studied by replacing the Co 3+ sites in all four of the constructed interfaces. The segregation energies of the dopants increased with the ionic radius of the dopant. They exhibited a linear dependence on the ionic size for divalent, trivalent, and quadrivalent dopants for surfaces and grain boundaries. The magnitude of the segregation potential also depended on the surface chemistry and grain boundary structure, showing higher segregation energies for the Σ5 grain boundary compared with the lower energy Σ3 boundary and higher for the {104} surface compared to the {001}. Lanthanum-doped nanoparticles were synthesized and imaged with scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) to validate the computational results, revealing the predicted lanthanum enrichment at grain boundaries and both the {001} and the {104} surfaces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%