Improved description of the bipolar ciliate, Euplotes petzi, and definition of its basal position in the Euplotes phylogenetic tree

Giuseppe, Graziano Di; Erra, Fabrizio; Frontini, Francesco Paolo; Dini, Fernando; Vallesi, Adriana; Luporini, Pierangelo

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2014.05.001

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Clade A, the most species-rich, includes several non-supported nodes, resulting in not fully resolved relationships among its subclades. A synopsis tree based on supported subclades, and illustrating a consensus of the evolutionary history of the genus Euplotes (see also [26, 36, 49]), is shown in Fig 4. Here, E .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…petzi and E . sinicus , species with a double- patella pattern [33, 49], questions this assumption. The ancestor of all remaining species most likely had a double- eurystomus pattern, however.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…elegans was found in a freshwater marshland in Italy [50], and the only available sequence identified as E . alatus , traditionally considered marine, was obtained from a freshwater pond in Germany [49]. Moderate or extensive euryhalinity can be observed in several species (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeography and Character Evolution of the Ciliate Genus Euplotes (Spirotrichea, Euplotia), with Description of Euplotes curdsi sp. nov.

et al. 2016

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Ciliates comprise a diverse and ecologically important phylum of unicellular protists. One of the most specious and best-defined genera is Euplotes, which constitutes more than 70 morphospecies, many of which have never been molecularly tested. The increasing number of described Euplotes taxa emphasizes the importance for detailed characterizations of new ones, requiring standardized morphological observations, sequencing of molecular markers and careful comparison with previous literature. Here we describe Euplotes curdsi sp. nov., distinguishable by the combination of the following features: 45–65 μm length, oval or elongated shape with both ends rounded, narrow peristome with 25–34 adoral membranelles, conspicuous paroral membrane, double-eurystomus dorsal argyrome type, 6–7 dorsolateral kineties and 10 frontoventral cirri. Three populations of the novel species have been found in brackish and marine samples in the Mediterranean and the White Sea. We provide the SSU rRNA gene sequences of these populations, and an updated phylogeny of the genus Euplotes. Using the molecular phylogenetic tree, we inferred aspects of the biogeographical history of the genus and the evolution of its most important taxonomic characters in order to provide a frame for future descriptions. Ultimately, these data reveal recurrent trends of freshwater invasion and highlight the dynamic, yet convergent, morphological evolution of Euplotes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeography and Character Evolution of the Ciliate Genus Euplotes (Spirotrichea, Euplotia), with Description of Euplotes curdsi sp. nov.

et al. 2016

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“…The scale bar corresponds to two substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions. The accession numbers of the sequences used to generate the tree are indicated for each species with the exception of E. nobilii, E. petzi, and E. euryhalinus, for which the accession numbers of the multiple sequences that have been used are reported in Di Giuseppe et al (2011Giuseppe et al ( , 2014 and Table 2 (this article), respectively. In accord with Jiang et al (2010a, b) and Chen et al (2013), Certesia quadrinucleata and Aspidisca steini (species of a sister clade of Euplotes) were used as outgroups Hydrobiologia nucleotide substitution was identified within either of the two sets of strains, while four substitutions were detected between the two sets of strains, determining their consequent separation into two distinct clusters (Fig.…”

Section: Genetic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we update and describe new data on the genetic relationships of high-latitude populations of three Euplotes species, namely E. euryhalinus, E. nobilii, and E. petzi, which are well distinct on morphological, eco-physiological, and phylogenetic grounds (Valbonesi & Luporini, 1990a;Achilles-Day et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2013;Di Giuseppe et al, 2014). These relationships were deduced from comparisons of small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSUrRNA) gene sequences and analyses of mating interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genetic relationships in bipolar species of the protist ciliate, Euplotes

et al. 2015

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Protists thrive in polar oceans, where they\ud represent a major driving force for globally important\ud biogeochemical cycles and a key food-web component.\ud Their biogeography is frequently associated to\ud bipolar patterns of distribution. Although conceptually\ud well supported by apparently unrestricted migration\ud rates, the experimental certification of these patterns\ud copes with the protist paucity of morphological\ud characters with taxonomic value and difficulties in\ud applying conventional species concepts. We studied\ud three marine species of the ciliate Euplotes, E.\ud euryhalinus, E. nobilii, and E. petzi, for their bipolar\ud distribution by comparing the SSU-rRNA gene sequences\ud and mating interactions of Antarctic,\ud Patagonian, and Arctic strains. Each species was\ud analogously found not to carry significantly varied\ud SSU-rRNA gene sequences, implying a common\ud occurrence of trans-equatorial genetic mixing. However,\ud mating analyses revealed significant interspecies\ud differences. Scarce Antarctic 9 Arctic strain\ud mating compatibility distinguished E. petzi from E.\ud euryhalinus and E. nobilii, in which mating pairs\ud between Antarctic and Arctic strains were successfully\ud induced. Yet, E. nobilii was the only one of the two\ud species to show cross-fertilizing and fertile mating\ud pairs. Taking the biological concept of species as\ud discriminatory, it was thus concluded that only E.\ud nobilii warrants the definition of genuine bipolar\ud species

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