Impregnation of silver sulfadiazine into bacterial cellulose for antimicrobial and biocompatible wound dressing

Abstract

Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is a useful antimicrobial agent for wound treatment. However, recent findings indicate that conventional SSD cream has several drawbacks for use in treatments. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising material for wound dressing due to its outstanding properties of holding water, strength and degradability. Unfortunately, BC itself exhibits no antimicrobial activity. A combination of SSD and BC is envisaged to form a new class of wound dressing with both antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility, which has not been reported to date. To achieve antimicrobial activity, SSD particles were impregnated into BC by immersing BC into SSD suspension after ultrasonication, namely SSD-BC. Parameters influencing SSD-BC impregnation were systematically studied. Optimized conditions of sonication time for no less than 90 min and the proper pH value between 6.6 and 9.0 were suggested. The absorption of SSD onto the BC nanofibrous network was revealed by XRD and SEM analyses. The SSD-BC membranes exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus evaluated by the disc diffusion method. In addition, the favorable biocompatibility of SSD-BC was verified by MTT colorimetry, epidermal cell counting method and optical microscopy. The results demonstrate the potential of SSD-BC membranes as a new class of antimicrobial and biocompatible wound dressing.

Bacterial cellulose in the field of wound healing and regenerative medicine of skin: recent trends and future prospectives

“…The BC membranes, which never dry, are highly nanoporous materials. That allows for drugs' incorporation into its structure, which will serve as a drug delivery system of controlled release and in the same time would serve as a physical barrier for environmental pathogens that may cause wound infection [38,75]. For example, such antimicrobial substance is benzalkonium chloride, which was incorporated in the BC by Wei et al Such dry BC film possessed good portability and good mechanical properties, as well as high water absorption capability.…”

Antimicrobial activity of bone cements embedded with organic nanoparticles

“…1,2 For many medical procedures to remain viable treatments, novel therapeutic approaches to infections need developing in order to guarantee sufficient protection against pathogens. The use of metals, predominantly silver, in the form of salts or nanoparticles is a well-established antimicrobial strategy that found applications in creams, 3 wound wrappings, 4 fabrics, 5 and eluting surfaces. [6][7][8] However, concerns regarding the use of silver are growing, particularly its long-term safety linked to accumulation in the environment and the body, 9,10 hence other antimicrobial agents are in urgent need.…”

In vitro and in vivo studies of a novel bacterial cellulose-based acellular bilayer nanocomposite scaffold for the repair of osteochondral defects

“…31 It is reported that BC has free hydroxyl groups that impart a weak positive surface charge. 32 Considering all these properties, we aimed at the preparation of nanocomposite scaffolds (BC-HA and BC-GAG) mimicking the bone and the cartilage tissue to be repaired. For the preparation of BC-HA nanocomposites, the obvious choice was an optimal biomimetic mineralization synthesis approach employing SBF for the deposition of HA.…”