Impaired glucose regulation, SARS-CoV-2 infections and adverse COVID-19 outcomes

Roy, Sumith; Demmer, Ryan T.

doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2021.11.002

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Overall, we found 40, 96, and 35 eligible SLRs published in 2020, 2021, and 2022 (until April), respectively. Due to the high volume of retrieved evidence and the anticipated overlap across SLRs with regard to the studies included, we decided to focus on the most recent evidence from the 35 SLRs published in early 2022, 6,17–45 as we expect that SLRs published in 2022 include most of the evidence considered in previous SLRs when assessing the same predictor(s). In addition, we extracted key descriptive information for the included SLRs (fitting our protocol inclusion criteria) published in 2021 (reference citation and type of risk factors/predictors in each SLRs).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 We found more consistent evidence for some predictors/risk factors compared with others, and this was noted in the findings when possible. There may have been differences in the robustness of results across SLRs (for example, some of them only included observational studies with adjusted results for key confounders or population-based studies 40 ), which is reflected in both the quality assessments and through their interpretation such as supplementary sensitivity analyses. Yet the consistency in the direction of findings across SLRs may reinforce the validity of conclusions in our umbrella review.…”

Section: Quality Assessment Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prognostic Factors of COVID‐19: An Umbrella Review Endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology

Sarri¹,

Liu

Zabotka

et al. 2023

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

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During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the urgency for updated evidence to inform public health and clinical care placed systematic literature reviews (SLRs) at the cornerstone of research. We aimed to summarize evidence on prognostic factors for COVID‐19 outcomes through published SLRs and to critically assess quality elements in the findings' interpretation. An umbrella review was conducted via electronic databases from January 2020 to April 2022. All SLRs (and meta‐analyses) in English were considered. Data screening and extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. AMSTAR 2 tool was used to assess SLR quality. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD4202232576). Out of 4,564 publications, 171 SLRs were included of which 3 were umbrella reviews. Our primary analysis included 35 SLRs published in 2022, which incorporated studies since the beginning of the pandemic. Consistent findings showed that, for adults, older age, obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer were more strongly predictive of risk of hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mortality due to COVID‐19. Male sex was associated with higher risk of short‐term adverse outcomes, but female sex was associated with higher risk of long COVID. For children, socioeconomic determinants that may unravel COVID‐19 disparities were rarely reported. This review highlights key prognostic factors of COVID‐19, which can help clinicians and health officers identify high‐risk groups for optimal care. Findings can also help optimize confounding adjustment and patient phenotyping in comparative effectiveness research. A living SLR approach may facilitate dissemination of new findings. This paper is endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Assessment Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Factors of COVID‐19: An Umbrella Review Endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology

Sarri¹,

Liu

Zabotka

et al. 2023

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This observation may be, at least partly, explained by the stress status induced by the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, leading to a release of hyperglycemic hormones (glucagon, cortisol, catecholamines, etc. ), responsible for insulin resistance and impaired glucose regulation, 26 both in diabetic and in nondiabetic patients. In addition, it has been reported that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may cause damage to the pancreas islets of Langerhans, inducing impaired β‐cell function, thus leading to hyperglycemia in patients with unknown diabetes and to a poor prognosis in patients with known diabetes 27–30 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperglycemia and elevated C‐reactive protein are independent predictors of hospital mortality in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients in South‐Kivu, eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: A cross‐sectional study

Tshongo,

Baguma,

Mateso

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic was a priority public health problem because of its high mortality rate. This study mainly aimed to determine factors associated with a poor outcome in COVID‐19 hospitalized patients in South‐Kivu, an eastern province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).MethodsThis observational study retrospectively evaluated medical records of patients consecutively admitted for probable or confirmed COVID‐19 between May 01 and July 31, 2020 at the Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu (HPGRB), a tertiary hospital located in South‐Kivu. A binary logistic regression model was performed to determine the predictors of mortality.ResultsA total of 157 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients aged 57.7 (13.2) years were included in this study. Male gender (69.4%), older age (52.9%), medical history of diabetes (38.2%), and arterial hypertension (35.1%) were the most frequent risk factors. Most patients presented with fever (73.3%), cough (72.6%), and dyspnea (66.2%). Overall, 45.1% of patients died. Intrahospital mortality was significantly associated with advanced age [odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI) = 2.34 (1.06–5.38)], hypoxemia [OR (95% CI) = 4.67 (2.02–10.77)], hyperglycemia [OR (95% CI) = 2.14 (1.06–4.31)], kidney failure [OR (95% CI) = 2.82 (1.4–5.68)], hyperleukocytosis [OR (95% CI) = 3.33 (1.67–6.66)], and higher C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels [OR (95% CI) = 3.93 (1.93–8.01)]. After adjustment for various covariates, only higher CRP levels [OR (95% CI) = 3.23 (1.23–8.5)] and hyperglycemia [OR (95% CI) = 2.5 (1.02–6.11)] at admission were independently associated with mortality.ConclusionHyperglycemia and marked inflammatory syndrome were the major predictors of poor outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID‐19 in South‐Kivu. These two factors should be quantified at hospital admission to establish the patient's prognosis.

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“…Impaired glucose regulation is associated with an elevated risk of many infections, including hepatitis [ 44 , 45 ], and SARS-CoV-2. [ 46 ] Future studies will need to determine if variants predispose to infection directly or through associations with co-morbidities that increase risk of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association analyses of common infections in a large practice-based biobank

et al. 2022

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Introduction Infectious diseases are common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Susceptibility to infection is highly heritable; however, little has been done to identify the genetic determinants underlying common infectious diseases. One GWAS was performed using 23andMe information about self-reported infections; we set out to confirm previous loci and identify new ones using medically diagnosed infections. Methods We used the electronic health record (EHR)-based biobank at Vanderbilt and diagnosis codes to identify cases of 12 infectious diseases in white patients: urinary tract infection, pneumonia, chronic sinus infections, otitis media, candidiasis, streptococcal pharyngitis, herpes zoster, herpes labialis, hepatitis B, infectious mononucleosis, tuberculosis (TB) or a positive TB test, and hepatitis C. We selected controls from patients with no diagnosis code for the candidate disease and matched by year of birth, sex, and calendar year at first and last EHR visits. We conducted GWAS using SAIGE and transcriptome-wide analysis (TWAS) using S-PrediXcan. We also conducted phenome-wide association study to understand associations between identified genetic variants and clinical phenotypes. Results We replicated three 23andMe loci (p ≤ 0.05): herpes zoster and rs7047299-A (p = 2.6 × 10–3) and rs2808290-C (p = 9.6 × 10–3;); otitis media and rs114947103-C (p = 0.04). We also identified 2 novel regions (p ≤ 5 × 10–8): rs113235453-G for otitis media (p = 3.04 × 10–8), and rs10422015-T for candidiasis (p = 3.11 × 10–8). In TWAS, four gene-disease associations were significant: SLC30A9 for otitis media (p = 8.06 × 10–7); LRP3 and WDR88 for candidiasis (p = 3.91 × 10–7 and p = 1.95 × 10–6); and AAMDC for hepatitis B (p = 1.51 × 10–6). Conclusion We conducted GWAS and TWAS for 12 infectious diseases and identified novel genetic contributors to the susceptibility of infectious diseases.

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Impaired glucose regulation, SARS-CoV-2 infections and adverse COVID-19 outcomes

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Prognostic Factors of COVID‐19: An Umbrella Review Endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology

Prognostic Factors of COVID‐19: An Umbrella Review Endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology

Hyperglycemia and elevated C‐reactive protein are independent predictors of hospital mortality in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients in South‐Kivu, eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: A cross‐sectional study

Genome-wide association analyses of common infections in a large practice-based biobank

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