Impaired error processing in late-phase psychosis: Four-year stability and relationships with negative symptoms

Foti, Dan; Hajcak, Greg; Mohanty, Aprajita; Jackson, Felicia; Kotov, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.05.009

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…This measure is blunted across psychotic disorders as well as in schizotypal personality disorder and clinical high risk groups 236 . This blunting appears to be specific to detachment rather than thought disorder 237,238 .…”

Section: Validity Evidencementioning

confidence: 91%

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

et al. 2020

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The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a scientific effort to address shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, which suffer from arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co‐occurrence, heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic instability. This paper synthesizes evidence on the validity and utility of the thought disorder and detachment spectra of HiTOP. These spectra are composed of symptoms and maladaptive traits currently subsumed within schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, and schizotypal, paranoid and schizoid personality disorders. Thought disorder ranges from normal reality testing, to maladaptive trait psychoticism, to hallucinations and delusions. Detachment ranges from introversion, to maladaptive detachment, to blunted affect and avolition. Extensive evidence supports the validity of thought disorder and detachment spectra, as each spectrum reflects common genetics, environmental risk factors, childhood antecedents, cognitive abnormalities, neural alterations, biomarkers, and treatment response. Some of these characteristics are specific to one spectrum and others are shared, suggesting the existence of an overarching psychosis superspectrum. Further research is needed to extend this model, such as clarifying whether mania and dissociation belong to thought disorder, and explicating processes that drive development of the spectra and their subdimensions. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the thought disorder and detachment spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and higher acceptability to clinicians. Validated measures are available to implement the system in practice. The more informative, reliable and valid characterization of psychosis‐related psychopathology offered by HiTOP can make diagnosis more useful for research and clinical care.

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Section: Validity Evidencementioning

confidence: 91%

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

et al. 2020

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“…We specifically included individuals within the sample that met diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder with psychosis, or major depressive disorder with psychosis, at a study session 15 years after first admission. The current manuscript is one of multiple published with data collected from this cohort ( 23 – 27 ). Inclusion criteria were: (1) presence of psychosis; (2) IQ > 70; (3) age between 15 and 60 years at admission; (4) resident of Suffolk County; (5) ability to provide informed consent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocortical Responses to Emotional Stimuli in Psychotic Disorders: Comparing Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Affective Psychosis

et al. 2018

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Emotion dysfunction has long been considered a cardinal feature across psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and affective psychosis. However, few studies have used objective markers of emotional function to compare psychotic disorders to one another, and fewer studies have examined such markers within a longitudinal framework. Here, we examine one objective marker of emotional responsivity, the late positive potential (LPP), which is a centro-parietal event-related potential (ERP) that tracks the dynamic allocation of attention to emotional vs. neutral stimuli. We used the LPP to characterize abnormal emotional responsivity by relating it to negative, depressive, and psychotic symptoms among two clinical groups: individuals diagnosed with affective psychosis and individuals with schizophrenia. We also used a long-term longitudinal framework, examining concurrent associations between LPP amplitude and symptom severity, as well as prospective associations with symptoms 4 years later. Participants were 74 individuals with psychotic illness: 37 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 37 with a primary affective disorder (psychotic bipolar disorder, psychotic depression). There were no mean-level differences in LPP amplitude between the schizophrenia spectrum and primary affective psychosis group. In the primary affective psychosis group, reduced LPP amplitude was associated with greater depressive, negative, and psychotic symptom severity, both concurrently and at follow-up; associations between LPP and symptoms were not observed within the schizophrenia spectrum group. This pattern of results suggests that the neural correlates of emotion dysfunction may differ across psychotic disorders. One possibility is that schizophrenia is characterized by a decoupling of symptom severity and emotional processing. Such findings underscore the importance of analyzing transdiagnostic samples to determine common or specific symptom relationships across various patient populations.

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“…Reduced ERN amplitudes were shown in schizophrenia (e.g., Foti, Kotov, Bromet, & Hajcak, ; Perez et al, ), substance use disorders (e.g., Luijten et al, ), and inconsistently in autism and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; for reviews, see Gillan et al, ; Luijten et al, ; Manoach & Agam, ). In schizophrenia and substance use disorder (SUD), results from illness course (Foti et al, ), treatment studies (Houthoofd et al, ), and high‐risk populations (Euser, Evans, Greaves‐Lord, Huizink, & Franken, ; Perez et al, ; Simmonite et al, ) support that error‐processing deficits qualify as endophenotypes. This is further confirmed by longitudinal studies showing that reduced ERN predicted relapse in SUD (Luo et al, ; Marhe, van de Wetering, & Franken, ) and initiation of tobacco use (Anokhin & Golosheykin, ).…”

Section: Section 2: Enhanced Neural Error Signals As Endophenotype Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is further confirmed by longitudinal studies showing that reduced ERN predicted relapse in SUD (Luo et al, ; Marhe, van de Wetering, & Franken, ) and initiation of tobacco use (Anokhin & Golosheykin, ). In schizophrenia, reduced ERN amplitudes predict an increase in negative symptoms (Foti et al, ) and precede illness onset (Perez et al, ). Collectively, these results support that reduced neural error signal qualify as endophenotype for schizophrenia and SUD.…”

Section: Section 2: Enhanced Neural Error Signals As Endophenotype Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, in preschool‐aged individuals, observed hyperactive performance monitoring at the behavioral level predicted the onset of OCD and reduced ACC volume over 12 years (Gilbert, Barclay, Tillman, Barch, & Luby, ). In contrast, reduced ERN amplitudes predicted the initiation of tobacco use in adolescence (Anokhin & Golosheykin, ) and have been linked to illness course in schizophrenia (Foti et al, ). A blunted neural response to errors has been shown to predict relapse in SUD (Luo et al, ; Marhe, Wetering, & Franken, ).…”

Section: Section 3: Clinical Implications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The erring brain: Error‐related negativity as an endophenotype for OCD—A review and meta‐analysis

2019

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Obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder that is associated with high personal and societal costs. Feelings of doubt, worry, and repetitive behavior, key symptoms of OCD, have been linked to hyperactive error signals in the brain. The error‐related negativity (ERN) represents a validated marker of error processing in the ERP. Increased ERN amplitudes in OCD have been reported very robustly over the last 20 years. This article integrates results from 38 studies analyzing the ERN in OCD, using a quantitative meta‐analysis. Meta‐regressions were used to examine potential moderators such as task type, symptom severity, age, and sample size. The meta‐analysis reveals a robust increase of ERN in OCD patients compared to healthy participants in response‐conflict tasks (SMD −0.55) that is not modulated by symptom severity and age. No increase in ERN in OCD was observed in tasks that do not induce response conflict (SMD −0.10). In addition to the meta‐analysis, the current article reviews evidence supporting that increased ERN amplitudes in OCD fulfill central criteria for an endophenotype. Further, the specificity of increased ERN amplitudes for OCD and its suitability as a potential transdiagnostic endophenotype is discussed. Finally, the clinical utility and clinical applications are examined. Overall, the evidence that increased ERN amplitudes represent a promising endophenotype indicating vulnerability for OCD is compelling. Furthermore, alterations in ERN are not limited to OCD and may constitute a transdiagnostic endophenotype. Altered neural error signals might serve as a diagnostic or predictive marker and represent a promising target for interventions.

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Impaired error processing in late-phase psychosis: Four-year stability and relationships with negative symptoms

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

Electrocortical Responses to Emotional Stimuli in Psychotic Disorders: Comparing Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Affective Psychosis

The erring brain: Error‐related negativity as an endophenotype for OCD—A review and meta‐analysis

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