Impaired auditory sensory (“Echoic”) memory in schizophrenia

Strous, Rael D.; Javitt, D.C.; Grochowski, Sandra; Shelley, Anne-Marie

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)90737-4

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Functional and electrophysiological testing of audition reveal deficits in the precision of auditory sensory memory in subjects with schizophrenia (Strous et al, 1995;Javitt et al, 1997Javitt et al, , 2000aRabinowicz et al, 2000). Although the data are limited, in nonhuman primates precision of auditory sensory memory appears to be dependent on bilaterally intact auditory association cortex (Dewson III et al, 1970;Cowey and Dewson, 1972;Iverson and Mishkin, 1973;Cowey and Weiskrantz, 1976;Colombo et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reduced Pyramidal Cell Somal Volume in Auditory Association Cortex of Subjects with Schizophrenia

Sweet

Pierri

Auh

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Subjects with schizophrenia have decreased gray matter volume of auditory association cortex in structural imaging studies, and exhibit deficits in auditory sensory memory processes subserved by this region. In dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC), similar in vivo observations of reduced regional volume and working memory deficits in subjects with schizophrenia have been related to reduced somal volume of deep layer 3 pyramidal cells. We hypothesized that deep layer 3 pyramidal cell somal volume would also be reduced in auditory association cortex (BA42) in schizophrenia. We used the nucleator to estimate the somal volume of pyramidal neurons in deep layer 3 of BA42 in 18 subjects with schizophrenia, each of whom was matched to one normal comparison subject for gender, age, and postmortem interval. For all subject pairs, somal volume of pyramidal neurons in deep layer 3 of dPFC (BA9) had previously been determined. In BA42, somal volume was reduced by 13.1% in schizophrenic subjects (p ¼ 0.03). Reductions in somal volume were not associated with the history of antipsychotic use, alcohol dependence, schizoaffective disorder, or death by suicide. The percent change in somal volume within-subject pairs was highly correlated between BA42 and BA9 (r ¼ 0.67, p ¼ 0.002). Deep layer 3 pyramidal cell somal volume is reduced in BA42 of subjects with schizophrenia. This reduction may contribute to impairment in auditory function. The correlated reductions of somal volume in BA42 and BA9 suggest that a common factor may affect deep layer 3 pyramidal cells in both regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reduced Pyramidal Cell Somal Volume in Auditory Association Cortex of Subjects with Schizophrenia

Sweet

Pierri

Auh

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…In subjects with schizophrenia, the rapid initial phases of transfer and processing of sensory information within the auditory cortex are impaired (McCarley et al, 1991;Javitt et al, 1994Javitt et al, , 1995Javitt et al, , 1997bJavitt et al, , 2000Rabinowicz et al, 2000). These impairments are manifest as the reduced ability to discriminate tones Strous et al, 1995;Wexler et al, 1998) and as deficits in recognition of prosody (Leitman et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Dendritic Spine Density in Auditory Cortex of Subjects with Schizophrenia

Sweet

Henteleff

Zhang

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

252

215

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We have previously identified reductions in mean pyramidal cell somal volume in deep layer 3 of BA 41 and 42 and reduced axon terminal density in deep layer 3 of BA 41. In other brain regions demonstrating similar deficits, reduced dendritic spine density has also been identified, leading us to hypothesize that dendritic spine density would also be reduced in BA 41 and 42. Because dendritic spines and their excitatory inputs are regulated in tandem, we further hypothesized that spine density would be correlated with axon terminal density. We used stereologic methods to quantify a marker of dendritic spines, spinophilin-immunoreactive (SP-IR) puncta, in deep layer 3 of BA 41 and 42 of 15 subjects with schizophrenia, each matched to a normal comparison subject. The effect of long-term haloperidol exposure on SP-IR puncta density was evaluated in nonhuman primates. SP-IR puncta density was significantly lower by 27.2% in deep layer 3 of BA 41 in the schizophrenia subjects, and by 22.2% in deep layer 3 of BA 42. In both BA 41 and 42, SP-IR puncta density was correlated with a marker of axon terminal density, but not with pyramidal cell somal volume. SP-IR puncta density did not differ between haloperidol-exposed and control monkeys. Lower SP-IR puncta density in deep layer 3 of BA 41 and 42 of subjects with schizophrenia may reflect concurrent reductions in excitatory afferent input. This may contribute to impairments in auditory sensory processing that are present in subjects with schizophrenia.

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“…(Carter et al, 1998;Goldman-Rakic, 1991;Goldman-Rakic, 1994;Stone et al, 1998;Weinberger and Berman, 1996;Weinberger et al, 1986). However, schizophrenia subjects also show deficits in tasks involving relatively simple sensory functions, such as matching simple tones (Holcomb et al, 1995;Javitt et al, 1997;Stevens et al, 2000;Strous et al, 1995), weights (Javitt et al, 1999) or visual patterns (Fleming et al, 1997) following brief delay. An unresolved issue, therefore, is the degree to which difficulties in interpreting sensory aspects of stimuli affects performance in working memory tasks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encoding vs. retention: Differential effects of cue manipulation on working memory performance in schizophrenia

Javitt

Rabinowicz

Silipo

2007

Schizophrenia Research

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Impaired auditory sensory (“Echoic”) memory in schizophrenia

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Reduced Pyramidal Cell Somal Volume in Auditory Association Cortex of Subjects with Schizophrenia

Reduced Pyramidal Cell Somal Volume in Auditory Association Cortex of Subjects with Schizophrenia

Reduced Dendritic Spine Density in Auditory Cortex of Subjects with Schizophrenia

Encoding vs. retention: Differential effects of cue manipulation on working memory performance in schizophrenia

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