Impacto do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro e da Lei Seca na mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the impact of the Brazilian Traffic Code and the Law Against Drinking and Driving on mortality from traffic accidents in the State of Paraná, Brazil, from 1980 to 2014. This was an ecological time series study on mortality from traffic accidents in residents 15 to 49 years of age, stratified by the sex, age, and categories of victims, with data from the Mortality Information System. The time trend study used a segmented linear regression model and the Cochrane-Orcutt iterative procedure. The assumption of independence of residuals was verified by correlograms and the Box-Pierce test. The highest mortality rates during the period were in males 20 to 29 years of age. After enactment of the Brazilian Traffic Code, there was a decrease of 9.69 deaths/100,000 inhabitants per year for all categories of traffic accidents (p < 0.001), 6.90 for pedestrians (p = 0.001), and 1.96 for vehicle occupants (p < 0.001). As for age bracket, the greatest impact on mortality was in pedestrians 15 to 19 years of age (p < 0.001) and all victims 20 to 29 years of age (p < 0.001). Following enactment of the Drinking and Driving Law, the data displayed variability and the trends were not significant. However, there was a decrease in overall and pedestrian mortality. The rates for motorcyclists and vehicle occupants stabilized. The results showed an impact on traffic accident mortality after enactment of the new Brazilian Traffic Code and Drinking and Driving Law, followed by an increase in the rates. The study evidenced the need for more effective enforcement and progress with public policies in order to avoid a reversal of the gains achieved.

Internações por acidentes de transporte terrestre envolvendo motocicletas

“…A proporção de acidentes envolvendo motocicletas pode variar consideravelmente entre as regiões brasileiras. Em estados da região Sudeste registram-se menores taxas quando comparadas ao presente estudo (24,25) . A estratégia adotada no Brasil para redução de ATT a partir de 2008 estabeleceu alcoolemia zero e penalidades mais severas ao condutor que dirigir sob a influência do álcool (18) .…”

Tendência Da Mortalidade Por Acidentes De Transporte Terrestre Em Idosos No Brasil

“…A Lei provocou alterações de atitudes na população no que diz respeito ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e à condução de veículos automotores. O Ministério da Saúde relatou redução dos atendimentos em vias públicas em todo o país, o que gerou uma economia de 50 milhões de reais, apenas no primeiro mês após aprovação desta lei (14) . Embora a região Norte tenha exibido a menor tendência de crescimento, constatou-se em uma pesquisa que os envolvidos em ATT nesta região foram os que mais deixaram de cumprir as regras de segurança no trânsito, quando comparado com as demais regiões do país (12) .…”

“…Iniciativas no Brasil para enfrentar a alta taxa de mortalidade no trânsito vem sendo implementadas de forma mais decisiva a partir de 1998 com a efetivação do Código Nacional de Trânsito, que proporcionou, no primeiro ano de implantação, redução de 7,4% na taxa de mortalidade (14) por acidentes de trânsito.…”

Trends in hospitalizations due to motorcycle accidents involving men aged 20 to 39 years in the state of Santa Catarina - Southern Brazil

“…The increased fleet of motorcyclists can be attributed to the precariousness of public transportation, phone-delivery services, possibility of work for young people, and the ease of buying a motorcycle 7 . The involvement of young male adults in motorcycle traffic accidents is due to a few factors, such as the way of driving, the vulnerability of drivers and passengers, and the social and cultural behavior of males that includes the exposure to risks such as alcohol consumption and aggressiveness in traffic [32][33][34] . The ease of implementation, speed in obtaining results, and the fact of being a low cost method stand out as a strong point of ecological designs.…”