Impact of Sublethal Doses of 2,4-D, Simulating Drift, on Tomato Yield

Fagliari, Júlio Roberto; Oliveira, Rubem Silvério de; Constantin, Jamil

doi:10.1081/pfc-200034327

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Sublabel doses of 2,4-D reduced the potential fiber yield of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) by 32% to 62%, even with doses as low as 3.3 and 6.7 g ae ha −1 , respectively (Constantin et al 2007). Similar studies with other 2,4-D sensitive crops such as nontransgenic soybean (Johnson et al 2012) and tomato (Fagliari et al 2005) have shown extensive yield losses and deleterious effects. Cotton and soybean are highly variable in their responses to 2,4-D exposure, with growth stage and weather conditions at application identified as key factors (Egan et al 2014).…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

Effect of Formulations and Spray Nozzles on 2,4-D Spray Drift under Field Conditions

Kalsing¹,

Rossi²,

Lucio³

et al. 2018

Weed Technol

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Six trials were conducted during 2014/15 and 2015/16 growing seasons in Brazil to determine the effect of 2,4-D formulations and spray nozzles on 2,4-D spray drift under conventional field conditions. An experimental 2,4-D choline formulation with Colex-D® Technology (GF-3073) and a 2,4-D dimethylamine (DMA) formulation were applied with either XR and AIXR flat-fan spray nozzles. Each plot was 30 m wide by 24 m long (720 m2) with 60 glyphosate-resistant soybean rows spaced 50 cm apart and also 35 potted tomato plants distributed on a grid across the plot 5-m apart. Applications were performed one meter away from the plot edge perpendicular to the soybean rows when wind direction was parallel to the rows with less than 30 degrees of angle deviation. Spray drift treatments were applied in 100 L ha−1 with tractor sprayers at 276 kPa equipped with a 7-m wide boom at 50 cm above the canopy of the soybean plant, operating at 6.8 km h−1. The distance from the plot edge to the farthest plant with 2,4-D symptoms was assessed for every four soybean rows at 10 and 20 days after treatment (DAT) and potted tomatoes at 10 DAT. GF-3073 reduced the distance of the farthest injured plant with 2,4-D symptoms compared to the 2,4-D DMA formulation regardless of the spray nozzle, assessment date and sensitive species. GF-3073 applied through the AIXR nozzle reduced the relative drift affected area to the standard by 68% at 10 DAT and 67% at 20 DAT for soybean and 60% at 10 DAT for potted tomatoes.

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supporting

confidence: 65%

Effect of Formulations and Spray Nozzles on 2,4-D Spray Drift under Field Conditions

Kalsing¹,

Rossi²,

Lucio³

et al. 2018

Weed Technol

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“…To prevent contamination of neighboring plots, care was taken during application of the different glyphosate rates by covering perimeter field plots with 1 m high, framed cages covered with plastic sheeting (Fagliari et al, 2005). The cages remained on the plots for at least 5 min after glyphosate application to assure cessation of drift, and then removed.…”

Section: Glyphosate Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate effects on photosynthesis, nutrient accumulation, and nodulation in glyphosate‐resistant soybean

Zobiole

Kremer

Oliveira

et al. 2012

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

Self Cite

105

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Previous greenhouse studies have demonstrated that photosynthesis in some cultivars of first-(GR1) and second-generation (GR2) glyphosate-resistant soybean was reduced by glyphosate. The reduction in photosynthesis that resulted from glyphosate might affect nutrient uptake and lead to lower plant biomass production and ultimately reduced grain yield. Therefore, a field study was conducted to determine if glyphosate-induced damage to soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Asgrow AG3539) plants observed under controlled greenhouse conditions might occur in the field environment. The present study evaluated photosynthetic rate, nutrient accumulation, nodulation, and biomass production of GR2 soybean receiving different rates of glyphosate (0, 800, 1200, 2400 g a.e. ha -1 ) applied at V2, V4, and V6 growth stages. In general, plant damage observed in the field study was similar to that in previous greenhouse studies. Increasing glyphosate rates and applications at later growth stages decreased nutrient accumulation, nodulation, leaf area, and shoot biomass production. Thus, to reduce potential undesirable effects of glyphosate on plant growth, application of the lowest glyphosate rate for weed-control efficacy at early growth stages (V2 to V4) is suggested as an advantageous practice within current weed control in GR soybean for optimal crop productivity. : Aminomethylphosphonic acid, a metabolite of glyphosate, causes injury in glyphosate-treated, glyphosate-resistant soybean.

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“…morte do sistema radicular, epinastia das folhas, e outras alterações, induzem as plantas sensíveis à morte, caso ocorra deriva, quando de sua aplicação (Fagliari et al, 2005) e podem interferir no crescimento e no desenvolvimento de plantas nativas.…”

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Crescimento inicial de plantas de pequi após aplicação de 2,4-D

et al. 2017

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Resumo -O ácido 2,4-diclorafenóxacético (2,4-D) tem causado efeitos tóxicos em várias culturas cultivadas vizinhas ao local na qual foi destinado, devido à deriva durante sua aplicação. Objetivou-se, nesta pesquisa, avaliar o efeito da deriva simulada por meio de subdoses do herbicida 2,4-D em plantas de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb.). Testaram-se em blocos completos casualizados com seis repetições as doses de 0; 1, 67; 3,35; 6,70; 16,75; 33,50; 67,00 e 134,00 g ha -1 de equivalente ácido do herbicida. A unidade experimental foi de um vaso contendo uma planta de pequi. A aplicação de 2,4-D causou sintomas leves de epinastia nas folhas, com valores entre 6,25 e 13,33% de fitointoxicação nas plantas de pequi; contudo, ocorreu a recuperação das plantas a partir dos 15 dias após a aplicação. Foi observado efeito hormético para as variáveis área foliar, área foliar específica e razão de área foliar. Porém, com o aumento das doses, verificou-se redução no crescimento das mudas, caracterizada pela diminuição nas variáveis foliares e massa seca total das plantas. Comparado ao controle (dose zero) foram observados maiores valores da partição de fotoassimilados para a parte aérea das plantas. Initial growth of Caryocar brasiliense plants after application of 2,4-DAbstract -The 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acid (2,4-D) causes toxic effects on various cultivated crops surrounding the place in which it is sprayed due to drift. This work evaluated low doses of 2,4-D herbicide in simulated drifting on Caryocar brasiliense, Camb. seedlings. They were tested in a randomized complete block design with six replications, using herbicide acid equivalent doses of 0; 1. 67, 3.35, 6.70, 16.75, 33.50, 67.00 and 134.00 g ha -1 . The experimental unit was a vessel containing one C. brasiliense plant. The application of 2,4-D caused low epinasty in leaves with values between 6.25 to 13.33% phytotoxicity in C. brasiliense. However, there was full recovery of the plants 15 days after application. Hormesis effect was observed for leaf area, specific leaf area and leaf area ratio variables. However, with increasing doses there were reductions in seedlings growth characterized by reduction in leaf variables and plants total dry matter. Compared to control (zero dose) higher values of assimilates partition for aerial part of the plants were observed.

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Impact of Sublethal Doses of 2,4-D, Simulating Drift, on Tomato Yield

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of Formulations and Spray Nozzles on 2,4-D Spray Drift under Field Conditions

Effect of Formulations and Spray Nozzles on 2,4-D Spray Drift under Field Conditions

Glyphosate effects on photosynthesis, nutrient accumulation, and nodulation in glyphosate‐resistant soybean

Crescimento inicial de plantas de pequi após aplicação de 2,4-D

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